महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-62, verse-6

विदुर उवाच ।
शकुनीनामिहार्थाय पाशं भूमावयोजयत् ।
कश्चिच्छाकुनिकस्तात पूर्वेषामिति शुश्रुम ॥६॥

6. vidura uvāca ,
śakunīnāmihārthāya pāśaṁ bhūmāvayojayat ,
kaścicchākunikastāta pūrveṣāmiti śuśruma.

6. viduraḥ uvāca śakunīnām iha arthāya pāśam bhūmau
ayojayat kaścit śākunikaḥ tāta pūrveṣām iti śuśruma

6. Vidura said: 'Here, for the sake of birds, some fowler set a snare on the ground, O dear one. This is what we have heard from our elders.'

Words meanings summery:

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• शकुनीनाम् (śakunīnām) - of birds

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the purpose, for the sake of

• पाशम् (pāśam) - a snare, a noose, a trap

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• अयोजयत् (ayojayat) - he set (a snare) (he placed, he joined, he arranged, he set)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, a certain (one)

• शाकुनिकः (śākunikaḥ) - fowler, bird-catcher

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (addressing Dhritarashtra by Vidura) (O dear one, O father, O child)

• पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of our elders/ancestors (of the former ones, of the elders, of the ancestors)

• इति (iti) - marks end of a quote or thought (thus, in this manner)

• शुश्रुम (śuśruma) - we have heard

Words meanings and morphology

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

root verb

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Atypical root formation for perfect tense.

शकुनीनाम् (śakunīnām) - of birds

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śakuni

śakuni - bird, fowl

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the purpose, for the sake of

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, goal

Note: Used idiomatically with genitive to mean 'for the sake of X'.

पाशम् (pāśam) - a snare, a noose, a trap

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāśa

pāśa - snare, noose, trap, bond

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

अयोजयत् (ayojayat) - he set (a snare) (he placed, he joined, he arranged, he set)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of yojay

causative stem (yojaya)

Imperfect, causative of root yuj, ṇic suffix

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Causative form.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, a certain (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, a certain

indefinite pronoun, compound of kim + cid

Note: Often used adjectivally.

शाकुनिकः (śākunikaḥ) - fowler, bird-catcher

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śākunika

śākunika - fowler, bird-catcher

Taddhita derivative from śakuni

तात (tāta) - O dear one (addressing Dhritarashtra by Vidura) (O dear one, O father, O child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment or respect)

Note: Used broadly as an affectionate address.

पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of our elders/ancestors (of the former ones, of the elders, of the ancestors)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, ancient, prior, elder

Note: Can also function as a noun meaning 'ancestors'.

इति (iti) - marks end of a quote or thought (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

शुश्रुम (śuśruma) - we have heard

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of śru

root verb

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Reduplicated perfect.