महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-62, verse-26

ततः किरातास्तद्दृष्ट्वा प्रार्थयन्तो महीपते ।
विनेशुर्विषमे तस्मिन्ससर्पे गिरिगह्वरे ॥२६॥

26. tataḥ kirātāstaddṛṣṭvā prārthayanto mahīpate ,
vineśurviṣame tasminsasarpe girigahvare.

26. tataḥ kirātāḥ tat dṛṣṭvā prārthayantaḥ mahīpate
vineśuḥ viṣame tasmin sasarpe girigahvare

26. Then, O king, the Kirātas, having seen that [honey] and desiring it, perished in that perilous, snake-filled mountain cave.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• किराताः (kirātāḥ) - the Kirātas (a tribal people)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the honey)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• प्रार्थयन्तः (prārthayantaḥ) - desiring, wishing, requesting

• महीपते (mahīpate) - O king, O lord of the earth

• विनेशुः (vineśuḥ) - they perished, they were destroyed

• विषमे (viṣame) - in the difficult, in the perilous

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• ससर्पे (sasarpe) - with serpents, snake-filled

• गिरिगह्वरे (girigahvare) - in the mountain cave/ravine

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

derived from pronominal stem tad + suffix tas

किराताः (kirātāḥ) - the Kirātas (a tribal people)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kirāta

kirāta - a Kirāta (name of a mountainous tribe or aboriginal forest dweller)

Note: subject of vineśuḥ

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the honey)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: object of dṛṣṭvā

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) + suffix ktvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

प्रार्थयन्तः (prārthayantaḥ) - desiring, wishing, requesting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prārthayant

prārthayant - desiring, wishing, requesting

Present Active Participle

From root arth (to ask) with prefix pra- and causative suffix aya

Prefix: pra

Root: arth (class 10)

महीपते (mahīpate) - O king, O lord of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener/narratee.

विनेशुः (vineśuḥ) - they perished, they were destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vinaś

Perfect Active

From root naś (to perish) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: main verb of the sentence

विषमे (viṣame) - in the difficult, in the perilous

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, difficult, perilous, dangerous

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

ससर्पे (sasarpe) - with serpents, snake-filled

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sasarpa

sasarpa - having serpents, with snakes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+sarpa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  prefix for sahita
• sarpa – snake, serpent
  noun (masculine)

गिरिगह्वरे (girigahvare) - in the mountain cave/ravine

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of girigahvara

girigahvara - mountain cave, mountain ravine

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+gahvara)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• gahvara – cave, cavern, ravine, chasm
  noun (neuter)

Note: place where they perished.