महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-62, verse-19

धूमायन्ते व्यपेतानि ज्वलन्ति सहितानि च ।
धृतराष्ट्रोल्मुकानीव ज्ञातयो भरतर्षभ ॥१९॥

19. dhūmāyante vyapetāni jvalanti sahitāni ca ,
dhṛtarāṣṭrolmukānīva jñātayo bharatarṣabha.

19. dhūmāyante vyapetāni jvalanti sahitāni ca
dhṛtarāṣṭra-ulmukāni iva jñātayaḥ bharatarṣabha

19. O best of Bhāratas, the relatives (jñātayaḥ) are like the firebrands of Dhṛtarāṣṭra: when they are separated, they merely smolder, but when they are together, they blaze fiercely.

Words meanings summery:

• धूमायन्ते (dhūmāyante) - they smolder, they smoke

• व्यपेतानि (vyapetāni) - separated, gone apart, dispersed

• ज्वलन्ति (jvalanti) - they blaze, they burn brightly

• सहितानि (sahitāni) - together, accompanied, united

• च (ca) - and, also

• धृतराष्ट्र-उल्मुकानि (dhṛtarāṣṭra-ulmukāni) - firebrands of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, referring to his sons or family, symbolizing their destructive potential. (firebrands of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - members of one's own family or clan, specifically the Kuru relatives in the Mahabharata. (relatives, kinsmen)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Yudhiṣṭhira or O Arjuna (a common address in the Mahābhārata) (O best of Bhāratas)

Words meanings and morphology

धूमायन्ते (dhūmāyante) - they smolder, they smoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of dhūmāy

Denominative verb from dhūma (smoke)

From dhūma + yak (denominative suffix) + laṭ (present tense) + ātmanepada (middle voice) prathama-puruṣa (3rd person) bahu-vacana (plural)

Root: dhūm (class 10)

व्यपेतानि (vyapetāni) - separated, gone apart, dispersed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vyapeta

vyapeta - separated, gone away, departed, dispersed

Past Passive Participle

From vi (prefix) + apa (prefix) + i (root) + kta (past participle suffix)

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'jñātayaḥ' (relatives) implied here as things.

ज्वलन्ति (jvalanti) - they blaze, they burn brightly

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jval

From root jval + śap (present class suffix) + laṭ (present tense) + parasyaipada (active voice) prathama-puruṣa (3rd person) bahu-vacana (plural)

Root: jval (class 1)

सहितानि (sahitāni) - together, accompanied, united

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, joined with, united, together

Past Passive Participle

From saha (indeclinable 'with') + ita (Past Passive Participle of i 'to go')

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'jñātayaḥ' (relatives) implied here as things.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

धृतराष्ट्र-उल्मुकानि (dhṛtarāṣṭra-ulmukāni) - firebrands of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, referring to his sons or family, symbolizing their destructive potential. (firebrands of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dhṛtarāṣṭra-ulmuka

dhṛtarāṣṭra-ulmuka - Dhṛtarāṣṭra's firebrand

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhṛtarāṣṭra+ulmuka)

• dhṛtarāṣṭra – Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ulmuka – a firebrand, a torch, a smoldering log
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used in comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - members of one's own family or clan, specifically the Kuru relatives in the Mahabharata. (relatives, kinsmen)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative, family member, clan member

i-stem masculine noun.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Yudhiṣṭhira or O Arjuna (a common address in the Mahābhārata) (O best of Bhāratas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bhāratas, best of Bhāratas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a member of the Bharata clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – a bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to a prominent warrior/king.