महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-60, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
पितुरेतद्वचः श्रुत्वा धार्तराष्ट्रोऽत्यमर्षणः ।
आधाय विपुलं क्रोधं पुनरेवेदमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
pituretadvacaḥ śrutvā dhārtarāṣṭro'tyamarṣaṇaḥ ,
ādhāya vipulaṁ krodhaṁ punarevedamabravīt.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca pituḥ etat vacaḥ śrutvā dhārtarāṣṭraḥ
ati amarṣaṇaḥ ādhāya vipulam krodham punar eva idam abravīt

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Hearing these words from his father, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana), becoming exceedingly indignant and filled with great anger, spoke this again.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahabharata. (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पितुः (pituḥ) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (of the father)

• एतत् (etat) - Refers to the preceding words spoken by Vidura. (this, these)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - Refers to Vidura's advice. (word, speech, saying)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Refers to Duryodhana. (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• अति (ati) - very, exceedingly, excessively

• अमर्षणः (amarṣaṇaḥ) - Describes Duryodhana's state. (indignant, intolerant, impatient, resentful)

• आधाय (ādhāya) - Having felt or taken on great anger. (having placed, having assumed, having held, having felt)

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - Describes the intensity of the anger. (great, extensive, abundant, vast)

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger, wrath, fury

• पुनर् (punar) - again, once more, back

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes that he spoke 'again'. (indeed, certainly, only)

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the words Duryodhana is about to speak. (this, these)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahabharata. (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of vac

Perfect Indicative

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

पितुः (pituḥ) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Possessive of 'vacaḥ'.

एतत् (etat) - Refers to the preceding words spoken by Vidura. (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Adjective modifying 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - Refers to Vidura's advice. (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, declaration

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb 'abravīt'.

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Refers to Duryodhana. (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, a descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)

Patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

अति (ati) - very, exceedingly, excessively

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms a compound with 'amarṣaṇa'.

अमर्षणः (amarṣaṇaḥ) - Describes Duryodhana's state. (indignant, intolerant, impatient, resentful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amarṣaṇa

amarṣaṇa - indignant, intolerant, impatient, resentful, furious

From root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure) with negative prefix 'a-' and suffix '-ana'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+marṣaṇa)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• marṣaṇa – patient, tolerant, enduring
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure).
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'dhārtarāṣṭraḥ'.

आधाय (ādhāya) - Having felt or taken on great anger. (having placed, having assumed, having held, having felt)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefix 'ā' and root 'dhā' with suffix '-ya' for upasarga-compounded roots.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb 'abravīt'.

विपुलम् (vipulam) - Describes the intensity of the anger. (great, extensive, abundant, vast)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - large, extensive, abundant, broad, great

Note: Adjective modifying 'krodham'.

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger, wrath, fury

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury, resentment

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'ādhāya'.

पुनर् (punar) - again, once more, back

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'abravīt'.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes that he spoke 'again'. (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the words Duryodhana is about to speak. (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Indicative

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence for Duryodhana.