महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-58, verse-19

यजध्वं विपुलैर्यज्ञैर्विप्रेभ्यो दत्त दक्षिणाः ।
पुत्रैर्दारैश्च मोदध्वं महद्वो भयमागतम् ॥१९॥

19. yajadhvaṁ vipulairyajñairviprebhyo datta dakṣiṇāḥ ,
putrairdāraiśca modadhvaṁ mahadvo bhayamāgatam.

19. yajadhvaṃ vipulaiḥ yajñaiḥ viprebhyaḥ datta dakṣiṇāḥ
putraiḥ dāraiḥ ca modadhvaṃ mahat vaḥ bhayam āgatam

19. Perform extensive Vedic rituals (yajña) and give gifts (dakṣiṇā) to the brahmins (vipra). Rejoice with your sons and wives, for a great danger (bhayam) has indeed arrived for you.

Words meanings summery:

• यजध्वं (yajadhvaṁ) - You (plural) should sacrifice, perform yajña

• विपुलैः (vipulaiḥ) - by extensive, by abundant, by large

• यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices, by worships, by rites

• विप्रेभ्यः (viprebhyaḥ) - to brahmins, to learned persons

• दत्त (datta) - you (plural) give, give

• दक्षिणाः (dakṣiṇāḥ) - gifts, fees, offerings

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - with sons, by sons

• दारैः (dāraiḥ) - with wives, by wives

• च (ca) - and, also

• मोदध्वं (modadhvaṁ) - you (plural) should rejoice, be happy

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, extensive

• वः (vaḥ) - to you, for you, your

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger

• आगतम् (āgatam) - has come, arrived, approached

Words meanings and morphology

यजध्वं (yajadhvaṁ) - You (plural) should sacrifice, perform yajña

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of yaj

imperative

second person plural, middle voice, imperative mood

Root: yaj (class 1)

विपुलैः (vipulaiḥ) - by extensive, by abundant, by large

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vipula

vipula - extensive, abundant, large, vast

Note: Agrees with yajñaiḥ

यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices, by worships, by rites

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - sacrifice, worship, offering, ritual

Root: yaj

विप्रेभ्यः (viprebhyaḥ) - to brahmins, to learned persons

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - brahmin, learned person, wise man, inspired

Root: vip

दत्त (datta) - you (plural) give, give

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of dā

imperative

second person plural, active voice, imperative mood

Root: dā (class 3)

दक्षिणाः (dakṣiṇāḥ) - gifts, fees, offerings

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - sacrificial fee, gift, donation, offering, right (direction)

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - with sons, by sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

दारैः (dāraiḥ) - with wives, by wives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dāra

dāra - wife (often used in plural as dārāḥ)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मोदध्वं (modadhvaṁ) - you (plural) should rejoice, be happy

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of mud

imperative

second person plural, middle voice, imperative mood

Root: mud (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, extensive

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive

Note: Agrees with bhayam.

वः (vaḥ) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

second person plural pronoun

Note: Can also be genitive or accusative, but dative fits the context 'for you'.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, danger, apprehension

Root: bhī

आगतम् (āgatam) - has come, arrived, approached

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, happened

Past Passive Participle

formed from prefix ā- + root gam-

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle acting as a finite verb here.