महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-15, verse-22

नहुषेण विसृष्टा च बृहस्पतिमुवाच सा ।
समयोऽल्पावशेषो मे नहुषेणेह यः कृतः ।
शक्रं मृगय शीघ्रं त्वं भक्तायाः कुरु मे दयाम् ॥२२॥

22. nahuṣeṇa visṛṣṭā ca bṛhaspatimuvāca sā ,
samayo'lpāvaśeṣo me nahuṣeṇeha yaḥ kṛtaḥ ,
śakraṁ mṛgaya śīghraṁ tvaṁ bhaktāyāḥ kuru me dayām.

22. nahuṣeṇa visṛṣṭā ca bṛhaspatim uvāca
sā samayaḥ alpāvaśeṣaḥ me nahuṣeṇa
iha yaḥ kṛtaḥ śakram mṛgaya
śīghram tvam bhaktāyāḥ kuru me dayām

22. Dismissed by Nahusha, she then spoke to Bṛhaspati: "The period of the condition that Nahusha made for me here is running short. You must quickly search for Indra, and show compassion to me, your devotee."

Words meanings summery:

• नहुषेण (nahuṣeṇa) - by Nahusha (as the agent of dismissal and condition) (by Nahusha)

• विसृष्टा (visṛṣṭā) - dismissed, sent away (Śacī by Nahusha) (dismissed, sent away, released)

• च (ca) - and, then (and, also)

• बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - to Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods) (Bṛhaspati)

• उवाच (uvāca) - she spoke (Śacī) (she spoke, he spoke)

• सा (sā) - she (Śacī) (she, that)

• समयः (samayaḥ) - condition, period (of time for the condition) (time, condition, agreement, appointment)

• अल्पावशेषः (alpāvaśeṣaḥ) - with little remaining (time for the condition) (with little remaining, nearly expired)

• मे (me) - for me (Śacī) (my, to me, for me)

• नहुषेण (nahuṣeṇa) - by Nahusha (as the agent who set the condition) (by Nahusha)

• इह (iha) - in this matter, here (referring to the present situation) (here, in this world, in this matter)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (condition) (who, which)

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, stipulated (the condition) (made, done, performed)

• शक्रम् (śakram) - Indra (Indra, powerful one)

• मृगय (mṛgaya) - search for (Indra) (search for, hunt for)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Bṛhaspati) (you)

• भक्तायाः (bhaktāyāḥ) - to your devotee (Śacī) (to the devotee, for the devoted one)

• कुरु (kuru) - show (mercy) (do, make)

• मे (me) - for me (Śacī) (for me, to me)

• दयाम् (dayām) - compassion, mercy (compassion, mercy, pity)

Words meanings and morphology

नहुषेण (nahuṣeṇa) - by Nahusha (as the agent of dismissal and condition) (by Nahusha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahusha (a mythical king who temporarily became Indra)

Note: Agent of 'visṛṣṭā' and 'kṛtaḥ'.

विसृष्टा (visṛṣṭā) - dismissed, sent away (Śacī by Nahusha) (dismissed, sent away, released)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vi-sṛṣṭa

sṛj - to create, to emit, to release

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix 'vi-' and root 'sṛj'. Feminine nominative singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

च (ca) - and, then (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the state of being dismissed with the action of speaking.

बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - to Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods) (Bṛhaspati)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods)

From 'bṛhat' (great) + 'pati' (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bṛhat+pati)

• bṛhat – great, vast
  adjective
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - she spoke (Śacī) (she spoke, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Third person singular, perfect active indicative. Irregular formation for 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The subject 'sā' is explicitly mentioned.

सा (sā) - she (Śacī) (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Feminine nominative singular.

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

समयः (samayaḥ) - condition, period (of time for the condition) (time, condition, agreement, appointment)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - agreement, contract, condition, time, religious observance

From 'sam-' + root 'i' (to go) or 'yam' (to restrain).

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject of the clause.

अल्पावशेषः (alpāvaśeṣaḥ) - with little remaining (time for the condition) (with little remaining, nearly expired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpāvaśeṣa

alpāvaśeṣa - having little remaining, nearly expired

From 'alpa' (little) + 'avaśeṣa' (remainder).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+avaśeṣa)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective
• avaśeṣa – remainder, residue, balance
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ava-śiṣ' (to leave over).
  Prefix: ava
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

मे (me) - for me (Śacī) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

Enclitic form of dative/genitive singular of 'aham'.

Note: Refers to Śacī.

नहुषेण (nahuṣeṇa) - by Nahusha (as the agent who set the condition) (by Nahusha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahusha

Note: Agent of 'kṛtaḥ'.

इह (iha) - in this matter, here (referring to the present situation) (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - which (condition) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Masculine nominative singular.

Note: Refers to 'samayaḥ'.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, stipulated (the condition) (made, done, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛ - to do, to make, to perform

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ'. Masculine nominative singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'samayaḥ'.

शक्रम् (śakram) - Indra (Indra, powerful one)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, powerful, capable

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Object of 'mṛgaya'.

मृगय (mṛgaya) - search for (Indra) (search for, hunt for)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of mṛg

Imperative Mood (Ātmanepada)

Second person singular, present ātmanepada imperative.

Root: mṛg (class 10)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Accusative neuter singular used adverbially.

Note: Modifies 'mṛgaya'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Bṛhaspati) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Nominative singular.

Note: Subject of 'mṛgaya' and 'kuru'.

भक्तायाः (bhaktāyāḥ) - to your devotee (Śacī) (to the devotee, for the devoted one)

(adjective)

Dative, feminine, singular of bhaktā

bhakta - devoted, faithful, devotee

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhaj' (to partake, to serve, to worship). Feminine dative/genitive singular.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Dative form modifying 'me' or serving as a dative of recipient.

कुरु (kuru) - show (mercy) (do, make)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Mood

Second person singular, present active imperative.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Takes 'dayām' as object.

मे (me) - for me (Śacī) (for me, to me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

Enclitic form of dative/genitive singular of 'aham'.

Note: Dative of interest, refers to Śacī.

दयाम् (dayām) - compassion, mercy (compassion, mercy, pity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dayā

dayā - compassion, pity, mercy

From root 'day' (to pity).

Root: day (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kuru'.