महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-19, verse-26

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
सा कीर्तयन्ती दुःखानि भीमसेनस्य भामिनी ।
रुरोद शनकैः कृष्णा भीमसेनमुदीक्षती ॥२६॥

26. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sā kīrtayantī duḥkhāni bhīmasenasya bhāminī ,
ruroda śanakaiḥ kṛṣṇā bhīmasenamudīkṣatī.

26. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca sā kīrtayantī duḥkhāni bhīmasenasya
bhāminī ruroda śanakaiḥ kṛṣṇā bhīmasenam udīkṣatī

26. Vaiśampāyana said, "The beautiful woman, Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī), recounting Bhīmasena's sufferings, wept softly while gazing at Bhīmasena."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of this part of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśampāyana) said (said, spoke)

• सा (sā) - she (Draupadī) (she)

• कीर्तयन्ती (kīrtayantī) - recounting (the sufferings) (proclaiming, recounting, glorifying)

• दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings (of Bhīmasena) (sorrows, sufferings, troubles)

• भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhīmasena, one of the Pāṇḍavas (of Bhīmasena)

• भामिनी (bhāminī) - the beautiful (passionate) woman (Draupadī) (a beautiful woman, a passionate woman, an angry woman)

• रुरोद (ruroda) - she wept (wept, cried)

• शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - softly, gently (slowly, gently, softly)

• कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) (Kṛṣṇā (a name for Draupadī, meaning dark-complexioned))

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (one of the Pāṇḍavas) (Bhīmasena)

• उदीक्षती (udīkṣatī) - gazing at (Bhīmasena) (looking at, gazing upon, observing)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of this part of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana, a celebrated sage, a pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśampāyana) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac, perfect third person singular, parasmaipada. Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

सा (sā) - she (Draupadī) (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇā/Bhāminī.

कीर्तयन्ती (kīrtayantī) - recounting (the sufferings) (proclaiming, recounting, glorifying)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kīrtayat

kīrtayat - proclaiming, recounting, glorifying, mentioning

Present Active Participle

From causative of root kṛt (to praise, mention). Causative stem kīrtaya. Present participle, feminine nominative singular.

Root: kṛt (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'sā' (Draupadī).

दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings (of Bhīmasena) (sorrows, sufferings, troubles)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

Note: Direct object of 'kīrtayantī'.

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhīmasena, one of the Pāṇḍavas (of Bhīmasena)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena, a powerful hero, one of the Pāṇḍavas

Note: Possessive, relating to 'duḥkhāni'.

भामिनी (bhāminī) - the beautiful (passionate) woman (Draupadī) (a beautiful woman, a passionate woman, an angry woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāminī

bhāminī - a beautiful woman, a charming woman, a passionate or angry woman

Derived from bhāma (brightness, splendor, passion).

Note: Epithet for Draupadī, acts as a subject or appositive.

रुरोद (ruroda) - she wept (wept, cried)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of rud

Perfect Active

Root rud (to weep), perfect third person singular, parasmaipada. Reduplicated perfect.

Root: rud (class 2)

शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - softly, gently (slowly, gently, softly)

(indeclinable)

Often used as an adverb in instrumental plural.

Note: Adverbial instrumental plural (used as an adverb).

कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) (Kṛṣṇā (a name for Draupadī, meaning dark-complexioned))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Kṛṣṇā, a name of Draupadī; also refers to a dark-complexioned woman

Note: Another name for Draupadī, subject of the sentence.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (one of the Pāṇḍavas) (Bhīmasena)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena, a powerful hero, one of the Pāṇḍavas

Note: Object of 'udīkṣatī'.

उदीक्षती (udīkṣatī) - gazing at (Bhīmasena) (looking at, gazing upon, observing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of udīkṣat

udīkṣat - looking up, gazing at, observing

Present Active Participle

From root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga ud-. Present participle, feminine nominative singular.

Prefix: ud

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sā' (Draupadī).