महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-19, verse-1

द्रौपद्युवाच ।
अहं सैरन्ध्रिवेषेण चरन्ती राजवेश्मनि ।
शौचदास्मि सुदेष्णाया अक्षधूर्तस्य कारणात् ॥१॥

1. draupadyuvāca ,
ahaṁ sairandhriveṣeṇa carantī rājaveśmani ,
śaucadāsmi sudeṣṇāyā akṣadhūrtasya kāraṇāt.

1. draupadi uvāca aham sairandhri-veṣeṇa carantī rāja-veśmani
śaucadā asmi sudeṣṇāyāḥ akṣadhūrtasya kāraṇāt

1. Draupadi said: "I, living in the king's palace in the guise of a female attendant (sairandhrī), am a cleaner for Sudēṣṇā because of the gambler."

Words meanings summery:

• द्रौपदि (draupadi) - Draupadi

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he/she said)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• सैरन्ध्रि-वेषेण (sairandhri-veṣeṇa) - in the guise of a female attendant (sairandhrī) (in the guise of a female attendant, in the dress of a sairandhrī)

• चरन्ती (carantī) - living/working (moving, roaming, living, working)

• राज-वेश्मनि (rāja-veśmani) - in the king's palace

• शौचदा (śaucadā) - a cleaner (giver of cleanliness, cleaner, sweeper)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• सुदेष्णायाः (sudeṣṇāyāḥ) - for Sudēṣṇā (as her attendant) (of Sudēṣṇā)

• अक्षधूर्तस्य (akṣadhūrtasya) - of the gambler (whose actions led to this situation) (of the dice-cheat, of the gambler)

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - because of (on account of, because of, from the cause)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रौपदि (draupadi) - Draupadi

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of draupadi

draupadi - daughter of Drupada, Draupadi

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he/she said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (lit).

Root: vac (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of asmi.

सैरन्ध्रि-वेषेण (sairandhri-veṣeṇa) - in the guise of a female attendant (sairandhrī) (in the guise of a female attendant, in the dress of a sairandhrī)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sairandhriveṣa

sairandhriveṣa - guise of a sairandhrī (female attendant)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sairandhrī+veṣa)

• sairandhrī – a female attendant skilled in toilet, perfume, etc.
  noun (feminine)
• veṣa – dress, attire, guise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: viṣ

Note: Indicates the means or manner of her working.

चरन्ती (carantī) - living/working (moving, roaming, living, working)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of carat

carat - moving, living, acting

Present Active Participle

From root car (to move, wander, live).

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies aham.

राज-वेश्मनि (rāja-veśmani) - in the king's palace

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rājaveśman

rājaveśman - king's palace, royal dwelling

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+veśman)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj
• veśman – house, dwelling, palace
  noun (neuter)
  Root: viś

Note: Indicates the place of action for carantī.

शौचदा (śaucadā) - a cleaner (giver of cleanliness, cleaner, sweeper)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śaucada

śaucada - giver of cleanliness, cleaner

Compound: śauca (cleanliness) + da (giver, from root dā 'to give').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śauca+da)

• śauca – purity, cleanliness
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śuc
• da – giving, giver
  noun (masculine)
  kṛt suffix
  From root dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Predicate nominative for aham.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present indicative.

Root: as (class 2)

सुदेष्णायाः (sudeṣṇāyāḥ) - for Sudēṣṇā (as her attendant) (of Sudēṣṇā)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sudeṣṇā

sudeṣṇā - Queen Sudēṣṇā (wife of Virāṭa)

Note: Indicates possession or relationship ('of Sudēṣṇā' or 'for Sudēṣṇā').

अक्षधूर्तस्य (akṣadhūrtasya) - of the gambler (whose actions led to this situation) (of the dice-cheat, of the gambler)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of akṣadhūrta

akṣadhūrta - dice-cheat, gambler

Compound: akṣa (dice) + dhūrta (cheat, rogue).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (akṣa+dhūrta)

• akṣa – die (for gambling), dice
  noun (masculine)
• dhūrta – rogue, cheat, gambler
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhūr 'to injure', 'to cheat'.
  Root: dhūr

Note: Connected with kāraṇāt.

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - because of (on account of, because of, from the cause)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

Root: kṛ

Note: Governs akṣadhūrtasya.