महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-19, verse-23

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इत्यस्य दर्शयामास किणबद्धौ करावुभौ ॥२३॥

23. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ityasya darśayāmāsa kiṇabaddhau karāvubhau.

23. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca iti asya
darśayāmāsa kiṇabaddhau karau ubhau

23. Vaiśampāyana said, "Thus, he showed him both hands, which were marked by calluses."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of this part of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśampāyana) said (said, spoke)

• इति (iti) - introducing the following action or speech (thus, so, in this manner, indicating direct speech)

• अस्य (asya) - to him (referring to the person to whom hands are shown) (of him, to him, for him)

• दर्शयामास (darśayāmāsa) - he showed (showed, caused to see)

• किणबद्धौ (kiṇabaddhau) - (hands) marked by calluses from hard work (bound with calluses, marked by scars)

• करौ (karau) - (his) two hands (hands)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (hands) (both)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of this part of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana, a celebrated sage, a pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśampāyana) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac, perfect third person singular, parasmaipada. Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - introducing the following action or speech (thus, so, in this manner, indicating direct speech)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - to him (referring to the person to whom hands are shown) (of him, to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Note: Dative singular, here indicating the recipient ('to him'). Also could be genitive singular.

दर्शयामास (darśayāmāsa) - he showed (showed, caused to see)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of darśaya

Causative, Perfect Active

Root dṛś (to see), causative stem darśaya, perfect third person singular, ātmanepada, periphrastic formation.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Periphrastic perfect.

किणबद्धौ (kiṇabaddhau) - (hands) marked by calluses from hard work (bound with calluses, marked by scars)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kiṇabaddha

kiṇabaddha - bound with calluses, marked by scars or calluses

Compound of kiṇa (callus) and baddha (bound, marked).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kiṇa+baddha)

• kiṇa – callus, scar, mark
  noun (masculine)
• baddha – bound, tied, fastened, marked
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bandh (to bind).
  Root: bandh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'karau'.

करौ (karau) - (his) two hands (hands)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kara

kara - hand, arm, ray, tax, trunk of an elephant

Note: Direct object of 'darśayāmāsa'.

उभौ (ubhau) - both (hands) (both)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Qualifies 'karau'.