महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-17, verse-27

अतदर्हं महाप्राज्ञं जीवितार्थेऽभिसंश्रितम् ।
दृष्ट्वा कस्य न दुःखं स्याद्धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥२७॥

27. atadarhaṁ mahāprājñaṁ jīvitārthe'bhisaṁśritam ,
dṛṣṭvā kasya na duḥkhaṁ syāddharmātmānaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram.

27. atadarham mahāprājñam jīvitārthe abhisaṃśritam dṛṣṭvā
kasya na duḥkham syāt dharmātmānam yudhiṣṭhiram

27. Seeing Yudhiṣṭhira, the greatly wise one, who is undeserving of such a state, resorting to this for mere survival, and whose very being (ātman) is righteousness (dharma) — whose heart would not be filled with sorrow?

Words meanings summery:

• अतदर्हम् (atadarham) - undeserving of such a state (undeserving of that, not worthy of such (a fate))

• महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - greatly wise, very intelligent

• जीवितार्थे (jīvitārthe) - for mere survival (for the sake of life, for livelihood)

• अभिसंश्रितम् (abhisaṁśritam) - resorting to (this state of dependence) (resorted to, taken refuge with, dependent on)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

• न (na) - not

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

• धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - whose very being (ātman) is righteousness (dharma) (whose nature is righteousness, whose soul is dharma)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

अतदर्हम् (atadarham) - undeserving of such a state (undeserving of that, not worthy of such (a fate))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atadarha

atadarha - not fit for, not deserving of that, unworthy

Compound: a- (negative) + tad (that) + arha (deserving).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+tad+arha)

• a – not, un-, in-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle/prefix.
• tad – that, this
  pronoun (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √arh (to deserve).
  Root: √arh (class 1)

महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - greatly wise, very intelligent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, highly intelligent

Compound: mahā (great) + prājña (wise).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Form of mahat.
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √jñā with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √jñā (class 9)

जीवितार्थे (jīvitārthe) - for mere survival (for the sake of life, for livelihood)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jīvitārtha

jīvitārtha - purpose of life, means of livelihood, for life's sake

Compound: jīvita (life) + artha (purpose/sake).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jīvita+artha)

• jīvita – life, living, livelihood
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from √jīv) used as a noun.
  Root: √jīv (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

अभिसंश्रितम् (abhisaṁśritam) - resorting to (this state of dependence) (resorted to, taken refuge with, dependent on)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhisaṃśrita

√śri - to resort, depend

Past Passive Participle

From root √śri (1P) with prefixes abhi- and saṃ-.

Prefixes: abhi+saṃ

Root: √śri (class 1)

Note: Often translated as 'dependent' or 'resorting to'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √dṛś (1P). Ktvā suffix.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Possessive, governing duḥkham.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

From dus- (bad) + kha (axle-hole, aperture, hence comfort).

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative mode, active voice

From root √as (2P).

Root: √as (class 2)

Note: Expresses possibility or potential.

धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - whose very being (ātman) is righteousness (dharma) (whose nature is righteousness, whose soul is dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous, virtuous, having a soul of dharma, whose nature is dharma

Compound: dharma (righteousness, duty) + ātman (self, soul, nature).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, intrinsic nature, vital breath
  noun (masculine)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

One who is firm in battle (yudhi sthira).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, war, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Retains locative case ending in compound.
• sthira – firm, steady, constant, immovable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.