महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-17, verse-14

सोऽयं द्यूतप्रवादेन श्रिया प्रत्यवरोपितः ।
तूष्णीमास्ते यथा मूढः स्वानि कर्माणि चिन्तयन् ॥१४॥

14. so'yaṁ dyūtapravādena śriyā pratyavaropitaḥ ,
tūṣṇīmāste yathā mūḍhaḥ svāni karmāṇi cintayan.

14. saḥ ayam dyūtaparvādena śriyā pratyavaropitaḥ
tūṣṇīm āste yathā mūḍhaḥ svāni karmāṇi cintayan

14. He, this very person, having been deprived of his fortune by means of gambling, sits silently like a fool, pondering his own deeds (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• द्यूतपर्वादेन (dyūtaparvādena) - by the pretext of gambling, by means of excessive gambling

• श्रिया (śriyā) - from prosperity, from fortune, by fortune, by beauty

• प्रत्यवरोपितः (pratyavaropitaḥ) - thrown down, deprived, degraded

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, quietly, in silence

• आस्ते (āste) - he sits, he remains, he stays

• यथा (yathā) - as, like, in the same way that

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - a fool, bewildered, confused

• स्वानि (svāni) - his own

• कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions, deeds, works (karma)

• चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, reflecting, pondering

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Used for emphasis, 'this very one'.

द्यूतपर्वादेन (dyūtaparvādena) - by the pretext of gambling, by means of excessive gambling

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dyūtaparvāda

dyūtaparvāda - pretext of gambling, charge of gambling, fault of gambling, excessive gambling

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dyūta+parvāda)

• dyūta – gambling, playing with dice, game of dice
  noun (neuter)
  Past passive participle of root 'div' used as a noun.
  Root: div (class 1)
• parvāda – reproach, accusation, calumny, evil report, pretext, excuse
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vad' with 'pari' prefix.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Refers to the cause of his misfortune.

श्रिया (śriyā) - from prosperity, from fortune, by fortune, by beauty

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, welfare, fortune, wealth, glory, beauty, auspiciousness

Root: śrī (class 1)

Note: Used to indicate the source of deprivation, effectively an ablative meaning.

प्रत्यवरोपितः (pratyavaropitaḥ) - thrown down, deprived, degraded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyavaropita

pratyavaropita - thrown down, degraded, fallen, deprived, dethroned

Past Passive Participle

From root 'rup' (to break, cut off) with prefixes 'prati' and 'ava', causative stem, then P.P.P. Nominative singular masculine.

Prefixes: prati+ava

Root: rup (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the subject.

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, quietly, in silence

(indeclinable)

Root: tūṣ (class 4)

आस्ते (āste) - he sits, he remains, he stays

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Root 'ās' (2nd class), present indicative.

Root: ās (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - as, like, in the same way that

(indeclinable)

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - a fool, bewildered, confused

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, stupid, bewildered, confused, ignorant, a fool, an ignorant person

Past Passive Participle

From root 'muh' (to be bewildered, confused), P.P.P. used as a noun.

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Describes the state of the subject.

स्वानि (svāni) - his own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own, his own, relative, kinsman, property, wealth

Note: Accusative plural neuter, modifying 'karmāṇi'.

कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions, deeds, works (karma)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, destiny (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'cintayan'.

चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, reflecting, pondering

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, pondering, considering, reflecting

Present Active Participle

From causative stem of root 'cit' (to perceive, think), 'cintaya' + 'śatṛ' suffix. Nominative singular masculine, agreeing with the implied subject of 'āste'.

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Describes the action of the subject while sitting.