महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-17, verse-26

यमुपासन्त राजानः सभायामृषिभिः सह ।
तमुपासीनमद्यान्यं पश्य पाण्डव पाण्डवम् ॥२६॥

26. yamupāsanta rājānaḥ sabhāyāmṛṣibhiḥ saha ,
tamupāsīnamadyānyaṁ paśya pāṇḍava pāṇḍavam.

26. yam upāsanta rājānaḥ sabhāyām ṛṣibhiḥ saha
tam upāsīnam adya anyam paśya pāṇḍava pāṇḍavam

26. O Pāṇḍava (Arjuna), behold that Pāṇḍava (Yudhiṣṭhira), whom kings, along with sages, once attended in the assembly, now attending to another person!

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom

• उपासन्त (upāsanta) - they attended (upon him) (they attended, they served, they worshipped)

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the court

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, with sages

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• तम् (tam) - that (one), him

• उपासीनम् (upāsīnam) - attending to (another) (attending, serving, sitting near)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• अन्यम् (anyam) - another, other

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Arjuna (O son of Pāṇḍu)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the Pāṇḍava (the son of Pāṇḍu)

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

उपासन्त (upāsanta) - they attended (upon him) (they attended, they served, they worshipped)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of upa-ās

Imperfect tense, middle voice

From root √ās (2A) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: √ās (class 2)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Note: Subject of upāsanta.

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the court

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, court, council

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, with sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Denotes accompaniment when used with saha.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (one), him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to yam. Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

उपासीनम् (upāsīnam) - attending to (another) (attending, serving, sitting near)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāsīna

√ās - to sit, to attend, to serve

Present active participle

From root √ās (2A) with prefix upa-. śānac suffix for middle voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: √ās (class 2)

Note: Describes Yudhiṣṭhira as the one *attending* to someone else.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

अन्यम् (anyam) - another, other

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Object of upāsīnam. Refers to King Virāṭa.

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative, active voice

From root √dṛś (1P).

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Arjuna (O son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

From Pāṇḍu + aṇ (taddhita suffix for descendant).

Note: The address to Arjuna.

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the Pāṇḍava (the son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

From Pāṇḍu + aṇ (taddhita suffix for descendant).

Note: Object of paśya.