महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-17, verse-12

यदि निष्कसहस्रेण यच्चान्यत्सारवद्धनम् ।
सायंप्रातरदेविष्यदपि संवत्सरान्बहून् ॥१२॥

12. yadi niṣkasahasreṇa yaccānyatsāravaddhanam ,
sāyaṁprātaradeviṣyadapi saṁvatsarānbahūn.

12. yadi niṣkasahasreṇa yat ca anyat sāravat dhanam
sāyaṃprātaḥ adevişyat api saṃvatsarān bahūn

12. Even if one were to gamble away a thousand gold coins (niṣka) and other substantial wealth, morning and evening, for many years, (it would still represent an immense fortune).

12. גם אילו היה משחק בקוביות ערב ובוקר שנים רבות, בהימור של אלף נִישְׁקַה וכל רכוש יקר ערך אחר,

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, when

• निष्कसहस्रेण (niṣkasahasreṇa) - with a thousand gold coins, by a thousand niṣkas

• यत् (yat) - which, that which, whoever

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

• सारवत् (sāravat) - substantial, valuable, rich

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, property

• सायंप्रातः (sāyaṁprātaḥ) - evening and morning, daily

• अदेविष्यत् (adeviṣyat) - would have played dice, would have gambled (away)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• संवत्सरान् (saṁvatsarān) - years

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, when

(indeclinable)

निष्कसहस्रेण (niṣkasahasreṇa) - with a thousand gold coins, by a thousand niṣkas

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of niṣkasahasra

niṣkasahasra - a thousand niṣkas (gold coins), a thousand niṣka weights

Compound type : tatpurusha (niṣka+sahasra)

• niṣka – gold coin, a definite weight of gold, a necklace, a medal
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – a thousand, many, an immense number
  noun (neuter)

यत् (yat) - which, that which, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that, because, since, in order that, so that

Note: Used here as a relative pronoun modifying 'dhanam'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, different, another, not the same, distinct

Note: Adjectival use, modifying 'dhanam'.

सारवत् (sāravat) - substantial, valuable, rich

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāravat

sāravat - having substance, essential, strong, vigorous, valuable, substantial, solid, rich, weighty

Possessive adjective (matup suffix) from 'sāra'.

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, property

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, treasure, money, gain, acquisition

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of 'adeviṣyat'.

सायंप्रातः (sāyaṁprātaḥ) - evening and morning, daily

(indeclinable)

Compound type : dvandva (sāyam+prātaḥ)

• sāyam – evening, in the evening
  indeclinable
• prātaḥ – morning, early in the morning
  indeclinable

अदेविष्यत् (adeviṣyat) - would have played dice, would have gambled (away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, conditional perfect (lṛṅ) of div

Conditional Perfect (Lṛṅ-lakāra)

Root div (1st class in the sense of gambling), conditional perfect (lṛṅ-lakāra), 3rd person singular active voice. The 'a-' prefix indicates the past tense; 'iṣyat' is characteristic of the conditional perfect.

Root: div (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

संवत्सरान् (saṁvatsarān) - years

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - a year, a full year, a particular year of a cycle

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Denotes duration.

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant, extensive, frequent

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