महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-36, verse-5

प्रतीक्षमाणान्कालो नः समा राजंस्त्रयोदश ।
आयुषोऽपचयं कृत्वा मरणायोपनेष्यति ॥५॥

5. pratīkṣamāṇānkālo naḥ samā rājaṁstrayodaśa ,
āyuṣo'pacayaṁ kṛtvā maraṇāyopaneṣyati.

5. pratīkṣamāṇān kālaḥ naḥ samāḥ rājan trayodaśa
āyuṣaḥ apacayam kṛtvā maraṇāya upaneṣyati

5. O King, for us who are waiting, after these thirteen years have passed, time will lead us to death, having diminished our lifespan.

5. הו מלך, בזמן שאנו ממתינים, שלוש עשרה שנים יפחיתו מחיינו, והזמן יקרב אותנו אל המוות.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतीक्षमाणान् (pratīkṣamāṇān) - us, who are waiting (the Pāṇḍavas) (those waiting, awaiting)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (personified as Death) (time, Death)

• नः (naḥ) - us (us, to us, our)

• समाः (samāḥ) - years

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Yudhiṣṭhira, depending on context) (O King)

• त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen (years) (thirteen)

• आयुषः (āyuṣaḥ) - of life, from life

• अपचयम् (apacayam) - decrease, diminution, decay

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having caused (having done, having made, having caused)

• मरणाय (maraṇāya) - for death, to death

• उपनेष्यति (upaneṣyati) - will lead us to (death) (will lead to, will bring near)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतीक्षमाणान् (pratīkṣamāṇān) - us, who are waiting (the Pāṇḍavas) (those waiting, awaiting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pratīkṣamāṇa

pratīkṣamāṇa - waiting, expecting, looking for

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from `prati-√īkṣ`

Prefix: prati

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `naḥ` (us).

कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (personified as Death) (time, Death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, proper time, death, black

Note: Subject of `upaneṣyati`.

नः (naḥ) - us (us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Direct object of `upaneṣyati`, also implied object of `pratīkṣamāṇān`.

समाः (samāḥ) - years

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - year, season

Note: Refers to the thirteen years of exile/incognito.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Yudhiṣṭhira, depending on context) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Addressed to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (or Yudhiṣṭhira if spoken by someone else like Bhīma).

त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen (years) (thirteen)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'samāḥ'.

आयुषः (āyuṣaḥ) - of life, from life

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, vital power, lifespan

Note: Governed by `apacayam`.

अपचयम् (apacayam) - decrease, diminution, decay

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apacaya

apacaya - decrease, diminution, decay, loss

Derived from `apa-√ci`

Prefix: apa

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Object of `kṛtvā`.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having caused (having done, having made, having caused)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Connects to `upaneṣyati`.

मरणाय (maraṇāya) - for death, to death

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - dying, death

Derived from root `mṛ` (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Purpose for which time will lead.

उपनेष्यति (upaneṣyati) - will lead us to (death) (will lead to, will bring near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of upanī

Derived from `upa-√nī`

Prefix: upa

Root: nī (class 1)

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