महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-3, chapter-36, verse-34
तस्माच्छत्रुवधे राजन्क्रियतां निश्चयस्त्वया ।
क्षत्रियस्य तु सर्वस्य नान्यो धर्मोऽस्ति संयुगात् ॥३४॥
क्षत्रियस्य तु सर्वस्य नान्यो धर्मोऽस्ति संयुगात् ॥३४॥
34. tasmācchatruvadhe rājankriyatāṁ niścayastvayā ,
kṣatriyasya tu sarvasya nānyo dharmo'sti saṁyugāt.
kṣatriyasya tu sarvasya nānyo dharmo'sti saṁyugāt.
34.
tasmāt śatruvādhe rājan kriyatām niścayaḥ tvayā
kṣatriyasya tu sarvasya na anyaḥ dharmaḥ asti saṃyugāt
kṣatriyasya tu sarvasya na anyaḥ dharmaḥ asti saṃyugāt
34.
Therefore, O King, you must resolve to slay the enemies. Indeed, for every warrior (kṣatriya), there is no other natural law (dharma) apart from battle.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason
- शत्रुवाधे (śatruvādhe) - in the slaying of enemies, in enemy killing
- राजन् (rājan) - Addressing the king. (O king)
- क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, may it be performed
- निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - determination, decision, certainty
- त्वया (tvayā) - by you
- क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a warrior, for a kṣatriya
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, on the other hand
- सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, for all
- न (na) - not, no
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, another
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - The inherent duty or law for a kṣatriya. (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution)
- अस्ति (asti) - is, exists
- संयुगात् (saṁyugāt) - than battle, from battle
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Used adverbially.
शत्रुवाधे (śatruvādhe) - in the slaying of enemies, in enemy killing
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śatruvādha
śatruvādha - enemy killing, foe slaying, destruction of enemies
Compound of śatru (enemy) and vādha (killing, striking - from √badh).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+vādha)
- śatru – enemy, foe, rival
noun (masculine) - vādha – killing, striking, hurting
noun (masculine)
Action Noun
Derived from root badh (to strike, kill)
Root: badh (class 1)
Note: Denotes the context or sphere of action.
राजन् (rājan) - Addressing the king. (O king)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
Root: rāj
क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, may it be performed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present imperative (loṭ) of kṛ
Present Imperative Passive
From root kṛ (class 8) in passive voice, tām ending.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The subject is niścayaḥ.
निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - determination, decision, certainty
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya
niścaya - determination, decision, certainty, resolution
From ni + ci (to gather, perceive), implying firmly settled.
Prefix: ni
Root: ci (class 5)
Note: Subject of kriyatām.
त्वया (tvayā) - by you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)
Note: Agent of the passive verb kriyatām.
क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a warrior, for a kṣatriya
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - warrior, member of the kṣatriya caste, royal, noble
From kṣatra (rule, power)
Note: Possessive or for the sake of.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, for all
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, entire
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, another
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Subject of asti.
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - The inherent duty or law for a kṣatriya. (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, religious merit, order
From root dhṛ (to hold, support, maintain)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Subject complement for asti in construction with anyaḥ.
अस्ति (asti) - is, exists
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as
Present Indicative
From root as (class 2)
Root: as (class 2)
संयुगात् (saṁyugāt) - than battle, from battle
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga
saṁyuga - battle, conflict, encounter, war
From sam + yuj (to join) + a (suffix), meaning coming together, encounter.
Prefix: sam
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Used to express 'other than X' where X is in the ablative case.