महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-36, verse-2

प्रत्यक्षं मन्यसे कालं मर्त्यः सन्कालबन्धनः ।
फेनधर्मा महाराज फलधर्मा तथैव च ॥२॥

2. pratyakṣaṁ manyase kālaṁ martyaḥ sankālabandhanaḥ ,
phenadharmā mahārāja phaladharmā tathaiva ca.

2. pratyakṣam manyase kālam martyaḥ san kālabandhanaḥ
phenadharmā mahārāja phaladharmā tathā eva ca

2. You, being a mortal bound by time, consider time to be directly perceptible. O great king, your intrinsic nature (dharma) is like foam, and likewise, your intrinsic nature (dharma) is like a fruit.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly perceptible, manifest, visible

• मन्यसे (manyase) - you think, you believe, you consider

• कालम् (kālam) - time

• मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - mortal, human being

• सन् (san) - being, existing

• कालबन्धनः (kālabandhanaḥ) - bound by time, subject to time

• फेनधर्मा (phenadharmā) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is like foam (whose intrinsic nature is foam, having the quality of foam)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• फलधर्मा (phaladharmā) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is like a fruit (whose intrinsic nature is like a fruit, having the quality of fruit (ripening, falling))

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly perceptible, manifest, visible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - directly perceptible, manifest, visible

prati (before, against) + akṣa (eye)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+akṣa)

• prati – before, against
  indeclinable
  prefix
• akṣa – eye, sense organ
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial accusative, or agreeing with kālam (time as object).

मन्यसे (manyase) - you think, you believe, you consider

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of man

present tense

2nd person singular, ātmanepada

Root: man (class 4)

कालम् (kālam) - time

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time

Note: Object of manyase

मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - mortal, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of martya

martya - mortal, human being

From √mṛ (मृ) 'to die'

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Subject of the implied predicate with san (being).

सन् (san) - being, existing

(Past Active Participle)

Note: Participle agreeing with martyaḥ

कालबन्धनः (kālabandhanaḥ) - bound by time, subject to time

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kālabandhana

kālabandhana - bound by time, fettered by time

kāla (time) + bandhana (binding, bond)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+bandhana)

• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
• bandhana – binding, bond, fetter
  noun (neuter)
  From √bandh (बन्ध्) 'to bind'
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Adjective agreeing with martyaḥ

फेनधर्मा (phenadharmā) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is like foam (whose intrinsic nature is foam, having the quality of foam)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phenadharman

phenadharman - having the nature of foam, ephemeral like foam

phena (foam) + dharman (nature, intrinsic quality)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (phena+dharman)

• phena – foam, froth
  noun (masculine)
• dharman – intrinsic nature, characteristic
  noun (masculine)
  From dharma (natural law, nature)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective for the implied "you"

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

mahā (great) + rājan (king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  mahā is a combining form of mahat
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  n-stem noun
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Address to the king.

फलधर्मा (phaladharmā) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is like a fruit (whose intrinsic nature is like a fruit, having the quality of fruit (ripening, falling))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phaladharman

phaladharman - having the nature of fruit, subject to decay like fruit

phala (fruit) + dharman (nature, intrinsic quality)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (phala+dharman)

• phala – fruit, result
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)
• dharman – intrinsic nature, characteristic
  noun (masculine)
  From dharma (natural law, nature)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective for the implied "you"

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

(indeclinable)

Adverb

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)