महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-36, verse-12

अयं च पार्थो बीभत्सुर्वरिष्ठो ज्याविकर्षणे ।
आस्ते परमसंतप्तो नूनं सिंह इवाशये ॥१२॥

12. ayaṁ ca pārtho bībhatsurvariṣṭho jyāvikarṣaṇe ,
āste paramasaṁtapto nūnaṁ siṁha ivāśaye.

12. ayam ca pārthaḥ bhībhatsuḥ variṣṭhaḥ jyāvikarṣaṇe
āste paramasantaptaḥ nūnam siṃhaḥ iva āśaye

12. And this Partha, also known as Bibhatsu, who is the most excellent in drawing the bowstring, indeed remains utterly tormented, like a lion in its den.

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

• भीभत्सुः (bhībhatsuḥ) - one who detests evil, terrible in war, Arjuna

• वरिष्ठः (variṣṭhaḥ) - most excellent, best, noblest

• ज्याविकर्षणे (jyāvikarṣaṇe) - in drawing the bowstring, in archery

• आस्ते (āste) - he remains, he sits, he exists

• परमसन्तप्तः (paramasantaptaḥ) - supremely tormented, utterly distressed, highly afflicted

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, indeed, certainly

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - lion

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आशये (āśaye) - in a lair, in a den, in an abode

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that, here, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Partha/Arjuna.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīmasena

Patronymic from Pṛthā + aṇ suffix.

भीभत्सुः (bhībhatsuḥ) - one who detests evil, terrible in war, Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhībhatsu

bhībhatsu - one who loathes/detests evil; terrible, disgusting; a name of Arjuna

From intensive/desiderative form of root badh/bādh (to oppress, torment) or bhay (to fear). Often derived from bhay with a desiderative suffix san and the intensive prefix bhī.

वरिष्ठः (variṣṭhaḥ) - most excellent, best, noblest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - most excellent, best, noblest, supreme, chief

Superlative degree of vara (excellent), formed with suffix -iṣṭha.

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies Partha.

ज्याविकर्षणे (jyāvikarṣaṇe) - in drawing the bowstring, in archery

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jyāvikarṣaṇa

jyāvikarṣaṇa - drawing the bowstring, archery

Compound of jyā (bowstring) and vikarṣaṇa (drawing, pulling). From prefix vi- + root kṛṣ- (to pull, draw) + suffix -ana.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jyā+vikarṣaṇa)

• jyā – bowstring, a bow
  noun (feminine)
• vikarṣaṇa – drawing, pulling, dragging
  noun (neuter)
  From prefix vi- + root kṛṣ-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

आस्ते (āste) - he remains, he sits, he exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Present Tense, Ātmanepada

Root ās, class 2, Ātmanepada.

Root: ās (class 2)

परमसन्तप्तः (paramasantaptaḥ) - supremely tormented, utterly distressed, highly afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramasantapta

paramasantapta - supremely tormented, utterly distressed, highly afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Compound of parama (supreme) and santapta (tormented, P.P.P. of sam-tap).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+santapta)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, best
  adjective (masculine)
• santapta – tormented, afflicted, burnt, heated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam- + root tap- + P.P.P. suffix.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle used adjectivally to describe Partha.

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - lion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion, a particular constellation

Note: Used in a simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

आशये (āśaye) - in a lair, in a den, in an abode

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āśaya

āśaya - lair, den, abode, dwelling, resting place, intention, mind

From prefix ā- + root śī- (to lie, rest).

Prefix: ā

Root: śī (class 2)