महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-299, verse-12

विष्णुनाश्वशिरः प्राप्य तथादित्यां निवत्स्यता ।
गर्भे वधार्थं दैत्यानामज्ञातेनोषितं चिरम् ॥१२॥

12. viṣṇunāśvaśiraḥ prāpya tathādityāṁ nivatsyatā ,
garbhe vadhārthaṁ daityānāmajñātenoṣitaṁ ciram.

12. viṣṇunā aśvaśiraḥ prāpya tathā adityām nivatsyatā
garbhe vadhārtham daityānām ajñātena uṣitam ciram

12. Similarly, Viṣṇu, having assumed the form of a horse's head, and intending to dwell in Aditi's womb, remained there for a long time, unrecognized, in order to slay the demons (daitya).

Words meanings summery:

• विष्णुना (viṣṇunā) - by Viṣṇu

• अश्वशिरः (aśvaśiraḥ) - (the form of) a horse's head

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having assumed

• तथा (tathā) - thus, similarly

• अदित्याम् (adityām) - in Aditi

• निवत्स्यता (nivatsyatā) - referring to Viṣṇu, who intended to dwell (by one who was going to dwell/stay)

• गर्भे (garbhe) - in the womb, in the interior

• वधार्थम् (vadhārtham) - for the purpose of killing, for destruction

• दैत्यानाम् (daityānām) - of the demons (daitya)

• अज्ञातेन (ajñātena) - referring to Viṣṇu in disguise (by the unknown one, by the unrecognized one)

• उषितम् (uṣitam) - was dwelt, resided

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

Words meanings and morphology

विष्णुना (viṣṇunā) - by Viṣṇu

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Viṣṇu (name of a principal Hindu deity)

अश्वशिरः (aśvaśiraḥ) - (the form of) a horse's head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśvaśiras

aśvaśiras - horse-head

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (aśva+śiras)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having assumed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from prefix 'pra' and root 'āp'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

तथा (tathā) - thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

अदित्याम् (adityām) - in Aditi

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of aditi

aditi - Aditi (name of the mother of the gods)

निवत्स्यता (nivatsyatā) - referring to Viṣṇu, who intended to dwell (by one who was going to dwell/stay)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nivatsyat

nivatsyat - who will dwell, intending to dwell

Future Active Participle

Derived from prefix 'ni' and root 'vas'

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, agreeing with 'viṣṇunā'.

गर्भे (garbhe) - in the womb, in the interior

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of garbha

garbha - womb, fetus, interior, core

वधार्थम् (vadhārtham) - for the purpose of killing, for destruction

(indeclinable)

Compound ending in -artham, used adverbially to express purpose.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vadha+artha)

• vadha – killing, slaying, striking
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'han' with suffix -dha, possibly 'vadh'
  Root: han (class 2)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

दैत्यानाम् (daityānām) - of the demons (daitya)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of daitya

daitya - Daitya (a class of demons, sons of Diti)

अज्ञातेन (ajñātena) - referring to Viṣṇu in disguise (by the unknown one, by the unrecognized one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ajñāta

ajñāta - unknown, unrecognized, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Derived from negative prefix 'a' and root 'jñā'

Prefix: a

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as a noun here, agreeing with 'viṣṇunā'.

उषितम् (uṣitam) - was dwelt, resided

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uṣita

uṣita - dwelt, stayed, resided

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell, stay). Irregular formation.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Impersonally used or agrees with an implied neuter noun like 'dwelling'.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for a long time'.