महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-299, verse-10

देवैरप्यापदः प्राप्ताश्छन्नैश्च बहुशस्तथा ।
तत्र तत्र सपत्नानां निग्रहार्थं महात्मभिः ॥१०॥

10. devairapyāpadaḥ prāptāśchannaiśca bahuśastathā ,
tatra tatra sapatnānāṁ nigrahārthaṁ mahātmabhiḥ.

10. devaiḥ api āpadaḥ prāptāḥ channaiḥ ca bahuśaḥ tathā
tatra tatra sapatnānām nigrahārtham mahātmabhiḥ

10. Even by the gods, who were great souls (mahātman) and frequently in disguise, dangers were encountered in various places for the purpose of subduing their enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• आपदः (āpadaḥ) - dangers, calamities, misfortunes

• प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - were obtained, experienced, reached

• छन्नैः (channaiḥ) - by those hidden, by those disguised

• च (ca) - and

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, frequently, in many ways

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• तत्र (tatra) - repetition implies 'in various places' or 'here and there' (there, in that place)

• सपत्नानाम् (sapatnānām) - of the enemies, of the rivals

• निग्रहार्थम् (nigrahārtham) - for the purpose of subduing, for restraint

• महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls (mahātman)

Words meanings and morphology

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

आपदः (āpadaḥ) - dangers, calamities, misfortunes

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, danger

Note: Can also be accusative plural.

प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - were obtained, experienced, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, experienced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix 'pra' and root 'āp'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'āpadaḥ'.

छन्नैः (channaiḥ) - by those hidden, by those disguised

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of channa

channa - hidden, concealed, disguised

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'chad'

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Functions as a noun here, referring to the 'devaiḥ' (gods).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, frequently, in many ways

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix -śaḥ indicating 'in many ways' or 'many times'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - repetition implies 'in various places' or 'here and there' (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

सपत्नानाम् (sapatnānām) - of the enemies, of the rivals

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sapatna

sapatna - enemy, rival, adversary

निग्रहार्थम् (nigrahārtham) - for the purpose of subduing, for restraint

(indeclinable)

Compound ending in -artham, used adverbially to express purpose.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nigraha+artha)

• nigraha – subduing, restraint, control
  noun (masculine)
  nominalization
  Derived from prefix 'ni' and root 'grah'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: grah (class 9)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls (mahātman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, great being, noble-minded person

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)