महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-22, verse-9

अभीषुहस्तं तं दृष्ट्वा सीदन्तं सारथिं रणे ।
अस्तम्भयं महाबाहो शाल्वबाणप्रपीडितम् ॥९॥

9. abhīṣuhastaṁ taṁ dṛṣṭvā sīdantaṁ sārathiṁ raṇe ,
astambhayaṁ mahābāho śālvabāṇaprapīḍitam.

9. abhīṣuhastaṃ taṃ dṛṣṭvā sīdantaṃ sārathiṃ
raṇe astambhayaṃ mahābāho śālvabāṇaprapīḍitam

9. O mighty-armed one, when I saw that charioteer, who held the reins in his hand, sinking in distress in battle, terribly afflicted by Śālva's arrows, I steadied him.

Words meanings summery:

• अभीषुहस्तं (abhīṣuhastaṁ) - having reins in hand, holding reins

• तं (taṁ) - him, that

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सीदन्तं (sīdantaṁ) - sinking, becoming dejected, distressed

• सारथिं (sārathiṁ) - charioteer

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• अस्तम्भयं (astambhayaṁ) - I steadied him (the charioteer) (I supported, I steadied, I stopped)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one, O great-armed one

• शाल्वबाणप्रपीडितम् (śālvabāṇaprapīḍitam) - tormented by Śālva's arrows

Words meanings and morphology

अभीषुहस्तं (abhīṣuhastaṁ) - having reins in hand, holding reins

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhīṣuhasta

abhīṣuhasta - one who has reins in hand

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (abhīṣu+hasta)

• abhīṣu – rein, bridle
  noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

तं (taṁ) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to the charioteer.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root dṛś + ktvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सीदन्तं (sīdantaṁ) - sinking, becoming dejected, distressed

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sīdat

sīdat - sinking, becoming dejected, distressed

present active participle

From root sad (class 1, "to sit, sink") + śatṛ suffix.

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "sārathiṃ".

सारथिं (sārathiṁ) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

Note: Object of "dṛṣṭvā".

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Denotes the location of the charioteer's distress.

अस्तम्भयं (astambhayaṁ) - I steadied him (the charioteer) (I supported, I steadied, I stopped)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of stambh

Causative imperfect

From root stambh (class 1, "to stop") with causative suffix -i. Imperfect 1st person singular.

Root: stambh (class 1)

Note: The speaker is the subject.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one, O great-armed one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, great-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: An address to a listener.

शाल्वबाणप्रपीडितम् (śālvabāṇaprapīḍitam) - tormented by Śālva's arrows

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śālvabāṇaprapīḍita

śālvabāṇaprapīḍita - afflicted by Śālva's arrows

Compound. Prapīḍita is a past passive participle.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śālva+bāṇa+prapīḍita)

• śālva – Śālva (a proper name, king of Saubha)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• prapīḍita – oppressed, tormented, afflicted
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root pīḍ (class 10, "to torment") with upasarga pra + kta suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies "sārathiṃ".