महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-22, verse-6

इति तस्य निशम्याहं सारथेः करुणं वचः ।
अवेक्षमाणो यन्तारमपश्यं शरपीडितम् ॥६॥

6. iti tasya niśamyāhaṁ sāratheḥ karuṇaṁ vacaḥ ,
avekṣamāṇo yantāramapaśyaṁ śarapīḍitam.

6. iti tasya niśamya aham sāratheḥ karuṇam vacaḥ
avekṣamāṇaḥ yantāram apaśyam śarapīḍitam

6. Having heard those piteous words from my charioteer, I then looked at the charioteer and saw him afflicted by arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - marks a quotation (thus, so)

• तस्य (tasya) - of the charioteer (Dāruka) (his, of that)

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

• अहम् (aham) - I

• सारथेः (sāratheḥ) - of the charioteer

• करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteous, pathetic

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• अवेक्षमाणः (avekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking at, beholding

• यन्तारम् (yantāram) - charioteer, driver

• अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw

• शरपीडितम् (śarapīḍitam) - afflicted by arrows, wounded by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - marks a quotation (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of the charioteer (Dāruka) (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'śam' (to be calm, perceive) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

सारथेः (sāratheḥ) - of the charioteer

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteous, pathetic

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karuṇa

karuṇa - piteous, pathetic, compassionate

Note: Modifies 'vacaḥ'

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

अवेक्षमाणः (avekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking at, beholding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avekṣamāṇa

avekṣamāṇa - looking at, observing, beholding

Present middle participle

From root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'ava'

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'aham'

यन्तारम् (yantāram) - charioteer, driver

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yantṛ

yantṛ - charioteer, driver, controller

अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शरपीडितम् (śarapīḍitam) - afflicted by arrows, wounded by arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śarapīḍita

śarapīḍita - afflicted by arrows, wounded by arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+pīḍita)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• pīḍita – afflicted, tormented, wounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'pīḍ' (to oppress, torment)
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'yantāram'