महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-194, verse-8

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्निदं सर्वं यथावृत्तं नराधिप ।
एकार्णवे तदा घोरे नष्टे स्थावरजङ्गमे ।
प्रनष्टेषु च भूतेषु सर्वेषु भरतर्षभ ॥८॥

8. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājannidaṁ sarvaṁ yathāvṛttaṁ narādhipa ,
ekārṇave tadā ghore naṣṭe sthāvarajaṅgame ,
pranaṣṭeṣu ca bhūteṣu sarveṣu bharatarṣabha.

8. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca śṛṇu rājan idam sarvam
yathāvṛttam narādhipa ekārṇave tadā
ghore naṣṭe sthāvarajaṅgame pranaṣṭeṣu
ca bhūteṣu sarveṣu bharatarṣabha

8. Mārkaṇḍeya said: 'O King (rājan), O lord of men (narādhipa), O best of Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha), listen to all of this, exactly as it happened. At that time, when all movable and immovable beings were destroyed in the terrible single ocean, and when all creatures had perished...'

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! (imperative)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• इदम् (idam) - this

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

• यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened, exactly as it occurred

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O lord of men, O King

• एकार्णवे (ekārṇave) - referring to the universal deluge when everything becomes a single ocean (in the single ocean)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful

• नष्टे (naṣṭe) - destroyed, lost

• स्थावरजङ्गमे (sthāvarajaṅgame) - the immovable and the movable (beings)

• प्रनष्टेषु (pranaṣṭeṣu) - among those completely destroyed / having perished

• च (ca) - and

• भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings, among creatures

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - among all

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bhāratas (a king)

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a famous sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac, 2nd class, perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Active

root śru, 5th class, imperative, 2nd person singular

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened, exactly as it occurred

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vṛtta)

• yathā – as, just as
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, existed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to happen)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O lord of men, O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

एकार्णवे (ekārṇave) - referring to the universal deluge when everything becomes a single ocean (in the single ocean)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ekārṇava

ekārṇava - single ocean (referring to the universal deluge)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+arṇava)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine)
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, awful

Root: ghṛ (class 3)

Note: agrees with ekārṇave

नष्टे (naṣṭe) - destroyed, lost

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, dual of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - lost, destroyed, perished

Past Passive Participle

from root naś (to perish, be lost)

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: agrees with sthāvarajaṅgame, dual locative here, meaning 'when (they) were destroyed'

स्थावरजङ्गमे (sthāvarajaṅgame) - the immovable and the movable (beings)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of sthāvarajaṅgama

sthāvarajaṅgama - movable and immovable (beings/things)

Compound type : dvandva (sthāvara+jaṅgama)

• sthāvara – immovable, stationary
  adjective (neuter)
  from sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• jaṅgama – movable, moving
  adjective (neuter)
  intensive form of gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to all living and non-living entities. Dual locative indicates 'when both were destroyed'.

प्रनष्टेषु (pranaṣṭeṣu) - among those completely destroyed / having perished

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of pranaṣṭa

pranaṣṭa - completely lost, utterly destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from pra + naś (to perish, be lost)

Prefix: pra

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: agrees with bhūteṣu

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings, among creatures

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle

from root bhū (to be, exist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - among all

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: agrees with bhūteṣu

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bhāratas (a king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of the Bhāratas (an epithet for kings of the Bhārata lineage)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a king
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)