महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-194, verse-6

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
क एष भगवन्दैत्यो महावीर्यस्तपोधन ।
कस्य पुत्रोऽथ नप्ता वा एतदिच्छामि वेदितुम् ॥६॥

6. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ka eṣa bhagavandaityo mahāvīryastapodhana ,
kasya putro'tha naptā vā etadicchāmi veditum.

6. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca kaḥ eṣaḥ bhagavan daityaḥ mahāvīryaḥ
tapodhana kasya putraḥ atha naptā vā etat icchāmi veditum

6. Yudhishthira said: "O revered one, O ascetic (tapodhana), who is this greatly powerful demon? Whose son or grandson is he? I wish to know this."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O worshipful one, O lord

• दैत्यः (daityaḥ) - demon, descendant of Diti

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly powerful, of great valor

• तपोधन (tapodhana) - O ascetic, O one whose wealth is penance (tapas)

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• अथ (atha) - or (then, or, now)

• नप्ता (naptā) - grandson, descendant

• वा (vā) - or

• एतत् (etat) - this

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to learn

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother)

yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  locative of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  From √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

√vac (2nd class) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular. Irregular reduplicated form.

Root: vac (class 2)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the demon being discussed.

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O worshipful one, O lord

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - glorious, divine, worshipful, revered; lord, master (bhagavat)

From bhaga (fortune, splendor) + matup suffix.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Addressing the listener/speaker.

दैत्यः (daityaḥ) - demon, descendant of Diti

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daitya

daitya - a demon, a son of Diti

From Diti (mother of demons) + ṣyañ suffix.

Note: Predicate nominative for kaḥ eṣaḥ.

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly powerful, of great valor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - greatly powerful, of great strength, very valorous

mahā (great) + vīrya (valor, power)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• vīrya – valor, strength, power, heroism
  noun (neuter)

तपोधन (tapodhana) - O ascetic, O one whose wealth is penance (tapas)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is penance; an ascetic, a sage (tapodhana)

tapas (penance) + dhana (wealth)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – heat, austerity, penance (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addresses the sage.

कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Possessive, 'whose (son/grandson)'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Predicate nominative.

अथ (atha) - or (then, or, now)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

नप्ता (naptā) - grandson, descendant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naptṛ

naptṛ - grandson, descendant, nephew

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Disjunctive particle.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Direct object for icchāmi.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

present active

√iṣ (6th class) in present tense, 1st person singular.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to learn

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of vid

infinitive

Infinitive form of √vid (2nd class).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Infinitive expressing purpose or object of desire.