महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-189, verse-30

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
श्रुत्वा तु वचनं तस्य पाण्डवस्य महात्मनः ।
प्रहृष्टाः पाण्डवा राजन्सहिताः शार्ङ्गधन्वना ॥३०॥

30. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
śrutvā tu vacanaṁ tasya pāṇḍavasya mahātmanaḥ ,
prahṛṣṭāḥ pāṇḍavā rājansahitāḥ śārṅgadhanvanā.

30. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca śrutvā tu vacanam tasya pāṇḍavasya
mahātmanaḥ prahṛṣṭāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ rājan sahitāḥ śārṅgadhanvanā

30. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: "Having heard that speech from the high-souled (mahātman) Pāṇḍava, O King, the Pāṇḍavas, along with Kṛṣṇa, the wielder of the Śārṅga bow, became greatly delighted."

30. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, הו מלך, לאחר ששמעו את דברי בן פָּאנְדוּ בעל הנפש הגדולה, שמחו מאוד בני פָּאנְדוּ יחד עם קְרְשְׁנַה בעל קשת שַׁארְנְגַה.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - speech, word, statement

• तस्य (tasya) - that (speech) of the Pāṇḍava (his, of him, of that)

• पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the son of Pāṇḍu, of the Pāṇḍava)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the high-souled (Yudhiṣṭhira) (of the great-souled, of the high-minded (mahātman))

• प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - greatly delighted, extremely joyful

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• राजन् (rājan) - (addressed to Janamejaya by Vaiśaṃpāyana) (O king)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied by, together with

• शार्ङ्गधन्वना (śārṅgadhanvanā) - by Kṛṣṇa (who wields the Śārṅga bow) (by the wielder of the Śārṅga bow)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

Note: Speaker of the narrative.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd singular active of √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive (kṛt affix -tvā) of √śru (class 5)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Functions as a non-finite verb, meaning 'after hearing'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or contrasting particle.

वचनम् (vacanam) - speech, word, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, word, speech, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of 'śrutvā'.

तस्य (tasya) - that (speech) of the Pāṇḍava (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍavasya' and 'mahātmanaḥ'.

पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the son of Pāṇḍu, of the Pāṇḍava)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the high-souled (Yudhiṣṭhira) (of the great-souled, of the high-minded (mahātman))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, high-minded, a great person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'pāṇḍavasya'.

प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - greatly delighted, extremely joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - greatly delighted, very pleased, highly joyful

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √hṛṣ (class 4) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'pāṇḍavāḥ'.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Note: Subject of the sentence.

राजन् (rājan) - (addressed to Janamejaya by Vaiśaṃpāyana) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied by, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, joined with, together with

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √dhā (class 3) with prefix sa- (meaning 'with')

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'pāṇḍavāḥ'.

शार्ङ्गधन्वना (śārṅgadhanvanā) - by Kṛṣṇa (who wields the Śārṅga bow) (by the wielder of the Śārṅga bow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śārṅgadhanvan

śārṅgadhanvan - wielder of the Śārṅga bow (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śārṅga+dhanvan)

• śārṅga – the bow Śārṅga (Vishnu's bow)
  noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow, archer
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accompanies 'sahitāḥ', indicating who they were with.

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