महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-189, verse-13

शुश्रूषायां रताः शूद्रास्तथा वर्णत्रयस्य च ।
एष धर्मः कृतयुगे त्रेतायां द्वापरे तथा ।
पश्चिमे युगकाले च यः स ते संप्रकीर्तितः ॥१३॥

13. śuśrūṣāyāṁ ratāḥ śūdrāstathā varṇatrayasya ca ,
eṣa dharmaḥ kṛtayuge tretāyāṁ dvāpare tathā ,
paścime yugakāle ca yaḥ sa te saṁprakīrtitaḥ.

13. śuśrūṣāyām ratāḥ śūdrāḥ tathā
varṇatrayasya ca eṣaḥ dharmaḥ kṛtayuge
tretāyām dvāpare tathā paścime
yugakāle ca yaḥ saḥ te samprakīrtitaḥ

13. Similarly, Śūdras will be devoted to serving the three other classes. This is the intrinsic nature (dharma) that has been fully declared to you, existing in the Kṛta Yuga, and similarly in the Tretā and Dvāpara Yugas, as well as in the last age (Kali Yuga).

Words meanings summery:

• शुश्रूषायाम् (śuśrūṣāyām) - in service (in service, in the desire to hear, in obedience, in attendance)

• रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged (engaged, devoted, attached)

• शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Śūdras (Śūdras (the laborer class))

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, and, similarly)

• वर्णत्रयस्य (varṇatrayasya) - of the three other classes (of the three classes, of the three castes)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this, he)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature (dharma) (duty, righteousness, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature)

• कृतयुगे (kṛtayuge) - in the Kṛta Yuga

• त्रेतायाम् (tretāyām) - in the Tretā Yuga

• द्वापरे (dvāpare) - in the Dvāpara Yuga

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, and, similarly)

• पश्चिमे (paścime) - in the last (age) (in the last, in the western)

• युगकाले (yugakāle) - in the time of the yuga (in the age, in the time of the yuga)

• च (ca) - as well as (and, also)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (who, which)

• सः (saḥ) - that (nature/dharma) (he, that)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, by you, your)

• सम्प्रकीर्तितः (samprakīrtitaḥ) - has been fully declared (fully declared, well-proclaimed, thoroughly described)

Words meanings and morphology

शुश्रूषायाम् (śuśrūṣāyām) - in service (in service, in the desire to hear, in obedience, in attendance)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śuśrūṣā

śuśrūṣā - desire to hear, obedience, service, attendance

Desiderative Noun

From desiderative stem of √śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged (engaged, devoted, attached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rata

rata - engaged, devoted, attached, fond of

Past Passive Participle

From √ram (to delight, enjoy)

Root: ram (class 1)

शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Śūdras (Śūdras (the laborer class))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūdra

śūdra - a man of the fourth class (Śūdra)

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, and, similarly)

(indeclinable)

वर्णत्रयस्य (varṇatrayasya) - of the three other classes (of the three classes, of the three castes)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of varṇatraya

varṇatraya - the three classes (Brahmins, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṇa+traya)

• varṇa – color, class, caste, character
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• traya – a triad, a group of three
  noun (neuter)
  From tri (three)

Note: Refers to the other three social classes.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the dharma.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature (dharma) (duty, righteousness, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious ordinance

From √dhṛ (to support, maintain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

कृतयुगे (kṛtayuge) - in the Kṛta Yuga

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛtayuga

kṛtayuga - the Kṛta Yuga, the Golden Age

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṛta+yuga)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished, good, fortunate
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• yuga – yuga, age, epoch
  noun (neuter)

त्रेतायाम् (tretāyām) - in the Tretā Yuga

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tretā

tretā - the Tretā Yuga (second of the four yugas)

द्वापरे (dvāpare) - in the Dvāpara Yuga

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dvāpara

dvāpara - the Dvāpara Yuga (third of the four yugas)

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, and, similarly)

(indeclinable)

पश्चिमे (paścime) - in the last (age) (in the last, in the western)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of paścima

paścima - last, western, hindmost

Note: Refers to the Kali Yuga.

युगकाले (yugakāle) - in the time of the yuga (in the age, in the time of the yuga)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yugakāla

yugakāla - time of a yuga, an age

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuga+kāla)

• yuga – yuga, age, epoch
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)

Note: Often used in neuter form as well.

च (ca) - as well as (and, also)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - which (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Refers to dharma.

सः (saḥ) - that (nature/dharma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Correlative to yaḥ.

ते (te) - to you (to you, by you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or respectful singular)

2nd person pronoun, genitive/dative singular/plural. Here dative singular/plural.

Note: The speaker is addressing someone (Pāṇḍava, as per next verse).

सम्प्रकीर्तितः (samprakīrtitaḥ) - has been fully declared (fully declared, well-proclaimed, thoroughly described)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprakīrtita

samprakīrtita - fully declared, well-proclaimed, thoroughly described

Past Passive Participle

From sam-pra-√kīrt (to declare, proclaim)

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Corresponds to dharma.