महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-183, verse-8

तत्र स्म वाचं कल्याणीं धर्मकामार्थसंहिताम् ।
मयोक्तामन्यथा ब्रूयुस्ततस्ते वै निरर्थकाम् ॥८॥

8. tatra sma vācaṁ kalyāṇīṁ dharmakāmārthasaṁhitām ,
mayoktāmanyathā brūyustataste vai nirarthakām.

8. tatra sma vācam kalyāṇīm dharmakāmārthasaṃhitām |
mayā uktām anyathā brūyuḥ tataḥ te vai nirarthakām

8. If they were to speak differently from the auspicious words regarding natural law (dharma), desire (kāma), and material prosperity (artha) that I have uttered, then their words would certainly be meaningless.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then

• स्म (sma) - indeed, certainly, (particle indicating past tense)

• वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word, voice

• कल्याणीम् (kalyāṇīm) - auspicious, excellent, beautiful, welfare-promoting

• धर्मकामार्थसंहिताम् (dharmakāmārthasaṁhitām) - endowed with (or related to) natural law, desire, and material prosperity

• मया (mayā) - by me

• उक्ताम् (uktām) - spoken, said

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, differently, in another way

• ब्रूयुः (brūyuḥ) - they should speak, they would speak

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, therefrom, thereupon, therefore

• ते (te) - they

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

• निरर्थकाम् (nirarthakām) - meaningless, useless, in vain

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, then

(indeclinable)

Locative of 'tad' (that), used as an adverb

स्म (sma) - indeed, certainly, (particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word, voice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language

कल्याणीम् (kalyāṇīm) - auspicious, excellent, beautiful, welfare-promoting

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇī

kalyāṇī - auspicious, excellent, beautiful, lucky, welfare-promoting

Feminine form of kalyāṇa

धर्मकामार्थसंहिताम् (dharmakāmārthasaṁhitām) - endowed with (or related to) natural law, desire, and material prosperity

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharmakāmārthasaṃhitā

dharmakāmārthasaṁhitā - connected with dharma, kāma, and artha; endowed with righteousness, desire, and prosperity

Compound adjective, feminine form

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+kāma+artha+saṃhita)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish, pleasure, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity, object, cause
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛdh (class 5)
• saṃhita – joined, united, connected, endowed with, composed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verb root dhā (to place) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: This is a karmadhāraya compound where the adjective saṃhita describes the collective dharma-kāma-artha. The form saṃhitām is accusative singular feminine to agree with vācam.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

उक्ताम् (uktām) - spoken, said

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with vācam.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, differently, in another way

(indeclinable)

ब्रूयुः (brūyuḥ) - they should speak, they would speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, therefrom, thereupon, therefore

(indeclinable)

Ablative of 'tad' (that), used as an adverb

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'they' who would speak differently.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

निरर्थकाम् (nirarthakām) - meaningless, useless, in vain

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nirarthakā

nirarthakā - meaningless, useless, vain, futile

Compound formed from 'nis' (without) and 'artha' (meaning, purpose)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+artha)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
  Prefix/preposition
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛdh (class 5)

Note: Agrees with vācam implicitly.