महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-183, verse-1

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
भूय एव तु माहात्म्यं ब्राह्मणानां निबोध मे ।
वैन्यो नामेह राजर्षिरश्वमेधाय दीक्षितः ।
तमत्रिर्गन्तुमारेभे वित्तार्थमिति नः श्रुतम् ॥१॥

1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
bhūya eva tu māhātmyaṁ brāhmaṇānāṁ nibodha me ,
vainyo nāmeha rājarṣiraśvamedhāya dīkṣitaḥ ,
tamatrirgantumārebhe vittārthamiti naḥ śrutam.

1. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca bhūyaḥ eva tu māhātmyam
brāhmaṇānām nibodha me vainyaḥ nāma iha
rājarṣiḥ aśvamedhāya dīkṣitaḥ tam atriḥ
gantum ārabhe vittārtham iti naḥ śrutam

1. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca bhūyaḥ eva tu brāhmaṇānām
māhātmyam me nibodha iha vainyaḥ nāma
rājarṣiḥ aśvamedhāya dīkṣitaḥ atriḥ tam
vittārtham gantum ārabhe iti naḥ śrutam

1. Mārkaṇḍeya said: Now hear from me further about the greatness of the Brahmins. Here, a royal sage (rājarṣi) named Vainya was initiated for an Aśvamedha (Vedic ritual). Atri began to go to him, for the sake of wealth, so we have heard.

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• तु (tu) - but, yet, on the other hand, indeed

• माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness, glory, majesty, magnificence

• ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brahmins, of the priests

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, listen

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• वैन्यः (vainyaḥ) - Vainya (a king's name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage, king and sage

• अश्वमेधाय (aśvamedhāya) - for the Aśvamedha (horse ritual)

• दीक्षितः (dīkṣitaḥ) - initiated, consecrated, prepared for a ritual

• तम् (tam) - referring to King Vainya (him, that (masculine accusative singular of tad))

• अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri (a sage's name)

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, for going

• आरभे (ārabhe) - he began, he commenced

• वित्तार्थम् (vittārtham) - for the sake of wealth, for wealth

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• नः (naḥ) - by us, to us

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard, listened

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a revered ancient sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, yet, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness, glory, majesty, magnificence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māhātmya

māhātmya - greatness, glory, majesty

Derived from mahātman (great-souled) + suffix -ya.

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brahmins, of the priests

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin (member of the priestly class); relating to Brahman or the Vedas

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, listen

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-budh

Root budh with upasarga ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, us (pronoun)

वैन्यः (vainyaḥ) - Vainya (a king's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vainya

vainya - Vainya (son of King Vena, a legendary king)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Used here adverbially as 'by name'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage, king and sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, a king who is also a sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

अश्वमेधाय (aśvamedhāya) - for the Aśvamedha (horse ritual)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of aśvamedha

aśvamedha - Aśvamedha (horse ritual, a major Vedic ritual)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+medha)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• medha – ritual, offering
  noun (masculine)

दीक्षितः (dīkṣitaḥ) - initiated, consecrated, prepared for a ritual

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīkṣita

dīkṣita - initiated, consecrated; one who has undergone initiation rites

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root dīkṣ (to consecrate, initiate).

Root: dīkṣ (class 1)

तम् (tam) - referring to King Vainya (him, that (masculine accusative singular of tad))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atri

atri - Atri (name of a revered ancient sage, one of the Saptarishis)

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, for going

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

आरभे (ārabhe) - he began, he commenced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of ā-rabh

Perfect tense (liṭ) middle voice form of the root rabh with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

वित्तार्थम् (vittārtham) - for the sake of wealth, for wealth

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound (tatpuruṣa) formed from vitta (wealth) and artha (purpose).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vitta+artha)

• vitta – wealth, property; found, acquired (Past Passive Participle of vid)
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vid (to find, to obtain).
  Root: vid (class 6)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - by us, to us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us (pronoun)

Note: Used here in instrumental sense, often implied with passive constructions.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard, listened

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened; revealed (scripture)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)