महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-183, verse-10

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा जगामाशु वैन्ययज्ञं महातपाः ।
गत्वा च यज्ञायतनमत्रिस्तुष्टाव तं नृपम् ॥१०॥

10. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
evamuktvā jagāmāśu vainyayajñaṁ mahātapāḥ ,
gatvā ca yajñāyatanamatristuṣṭāva taṁ nṛpam.

10. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca | evam uktvā jagāma āśu vainyayajñam
mahātapaḥ | gatvā ca yajñāyatanam atriḥ tuṣṭāva tam nṛpam

10. Mārkaṇḍeya said: Having spoken thus, the great ascetic (mahātapa) quickly went to Vainya's ritual (yajña). And having arrived at the ritual (yajña) ground, Atri then praised that king.

10. מָארְקַנְדֵיַה אמר, לאחר שאמר זאת יצא אַטְרִי, בעל העוצמה הרוחנית הגדולה, במהירות אל הטקס של וַינְיַה. כשהגיע לאתר הטקס שיבח את המלך.

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he has gone

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• वैन्ययज्ञम् (vainyayajñam) - to Vainya's ritual

• महातपः (mahātapaḥ) - the great ascetic, one of great austerity

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having arrived

• च (ca) - and, also

• यज्ञायतनम् (yajñāyatanam) - ritual (yajña) ground, place of sacrifice

• अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri (name of a sage)

• तुष्टाव (tuṣṭāva) - he praised, he eulogized

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - King Vainya (Pṛthu) (king, ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - a renowned ancient sage, son of Mṛkaṇḍu

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies uktvā.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from verb root vac (to speak) with suffix -tvā

Root: vac (class 2)

जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he has gone

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies jagāma.

वैन्ययज्ञम् (vainyayajñam) - to Vainya's ritual

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vainyayajña

vainyayajña - the ritual (yajña) performed by Vainya (Pṛthu)

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vainya+yajña)

• vainya – son of Vena, Pṛthu
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Vena
• yajña – ritual, sacrifice, worship, offering
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Object of jagāma.

महातपः (mahātapaḥ) - the great ascetic, one of great austerity

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - great ascetic, one who practices great austerity (tapas)

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'having great austerity'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• tapas – austerity, penance, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Subject of jagāma. Refers to Atri.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having arrived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from verb root gam (to go) with suffix -tvā

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions of going and praising.

यज्ञायतनम् (yajñāyatanam) - ritual (yajña) ground, place of sacrifice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yajñāyatana

yajñāyatana - place for ritual (yajña), sacrificial ground, temple

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+āyatana)

• yajña – ritual, sacrifice, worship, offering
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• āyatana – place, abode, site, ground
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Object of gatvā (implies 'to').

अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atri

atri - a Vedic sage, one of the Saptarishis (seven great sages)

Note: Subject of tuṣṭāva.

तुष्टाव (tuṣṭāva) - he praised, he eulogized

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ṣṭu

Root: ṣṭu (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king.

नृपम् (nṛpam) - King Vainya (Pṛthu) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, prince

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector/ruler)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler, drinker
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect/drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of tuṣṭāva.

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