महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-161, verse-18

स दीप्यमानः सहसान्तरिक्षं प्रकाशयन्मातलिसंगृहीतः ।
बभौ महोल्केव घनान्तरस्था शिखेव चाग्नेर्ज्वलिता विधूमा ॥१८॥

18. sa dīpyamānaḥ sahasāntarikṣaṁ; prakāśayanmātalisaṁgṛhītaḥ ,
babhau maholkeva ghanāntarasthā; śikheva cāgnerjvalitā vidhūmā.

18. sa dīpyamānaḥ sahasā antarikṣam
prakāśayan mātalisamgṛhītaḥ babhau
mahāulkā iva ghanāntarasthā
śikhā iva ca agneḥ jvalitā vidhūmā

18. Shining brightly, he suddenly illuminated the sky, guided by Mātali. He shone like a great meteor situated amidst clouds, and like a smokeless, blazing flame of fire.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Arjuna, implicitly from the context of the chariot's arrival in the previous verse) (he, that)

• दीप्यमानः (dīpyamānaḥ) - shining brightly (shining, blazing, being illuminated)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, forcibly, quickly)

• अन्तरिक्षम् (antarikṣam) - the sky (the sky, atmosphere, space)

• प्रकाशयन् (prakāśayan) - illuminating (illuminating, making bright, manifesting)

• मातलिसम्गृहीतः (mātalisamgṛhītaḥ) - guided by Mātali (held/guided by Mātali)

• बभौ (babhau) - he shone (he/it shone, he/it appeared)

• महाउल्का (mahāulkā) - a great meteor (a great meteor, a large firebrand)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as)

• घनान्तरस्था (ghanāntarasthā) - situated amidst clouds (situated within clouds, cloud-dwelling)

• शिखा (śikhā) - a flame (flame, crest, tuft)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire

• ज्वलिता (jvalitā) - blazing (burning, blazing, illuminated)

• विधूमा (vidhūmā) - smokeless (smokeless, free from smoke)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Arjuna, implicitly from the context of the chariot's arrival in the previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Arjuna (who is on the chariot).

दीप्यमानः (dīpyamānaḥ) - shining brightly (shining, blazing, being illuminated)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīpyamāna

dīpyamāna - shining, blazing, being illuminated

Present Middle Participle

dīp + śānac

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Describes Arjuna.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, forcibly, quickly)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form of sahas (power, force) used adverbially.

Note: Qualifies prakāśayan.

अन्तरिक्षम् (antarikṣam) - the sky (the sky, atmosphere, space)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antarikṣa

antarikṣa - sky, atmosphere, space

प्रकाशयन् (prakāśayan) - illuminating (illuminating, making bright, manifesting)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prakāśayat

prakāśayat - illuminating, making bright, manifesting

Present Active Participle (causative)

pra + kāś + ṇic + śatṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Describes Arjuna.

मातलिसम्गृहीतः (mātalisamgṛhītaḥ) - guided by Mātali (held/guided by Mātali)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mātalisamgṛhīta

mātalisamgṛhīta - held/guided by Mātali

Compound

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (mātali+saṃgṛhīta)

• mātali – Mātali (Indra's charioteer)
  proper noun (masculine)
• saṃgṛhīta – held, grasped, seized, guided
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  sam + gṛh + kta
  Prefix: sam
  Root: gṛh (class 9)

Note: Refers to Arjuna in the chariot.

बभौ (babhau) - he shone (he/it shone, he/it appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of bhā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect (Lit), Parasmaipada

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Subject is sa.

महाउल्का (mahāulkā) - a great meteor (a great meteor, a large firebrand)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahāulkā

mahāulkā - a great meteor, a large firebrand

Compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ulkā)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Adjectival stem of mahat
• ulkā – meteor, firebrand, torch
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

घनान्तरस्था (ghanāntarasthā) - situated amidst clouds (situated within clouds, cloud-dwelling)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ghanāntarasthā

ghanāntarasthā - situated within clouds, cloud-dwelling

Compound

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (ghana+antara+stha)

• ghana – cloud, dense, thick
  noun (masculine)
• antara – within, interior, interval
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root sthā
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for mahāulkā.

शिखा (śikhā) - a flame (flame, crest, tuft)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śikhā

śikhā - flame, crest, tuft, peak

इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins the two comparisons.

अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, sacrificial fire, Agni (god)

Note: Qualifies śikhā.

ज्वलिता (jvalitā) - blazing (burning, blazing, illuminated)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jvalita

jvalita - burning, blazing, illuminated

Past Passive Participle

jval + kta

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally.

विधूमा (vidhūmā) - smokeless (smokeless, free from smoke)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidhūma

vidhūma - smokeless, free from smoke

vi + dhūma (bahuvrīhi)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+dhūma)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  prefix
• dhūma – smoke
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for śikhā.