महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-161, verse-15

भ्रातुर्नियोगात्तु युधिष्ठिरस्य वनादसौ वारणमत्तगामी ।
यत्काम्यकात्प्रव्रजितः स जिष्णुस्तदैव ते शोकहता बभूवुः ॥१५॥

15. bhrāturniyogāttu yudhiṣṭhirasya; vanādasau vāraṇamattagāmī ,
yatkāmyakātpravrajitaḥ sa jiṣṇu;stadaiva te śokahatā babhūvuḥ.

15. bhrātuḥ niyogāt tu yudhiṣṭhirasya
vanāt asau vāraṇamattagāmī
yat kāmyakāt pravrajitaḥ sa jiṣṇuḥ
tadā eva te śokahatāḥ babhūvuḥ

15. Upon the command of his brother Yudhiṣṭhira, when that Arjuna (Jiṣṇu), who possesses the gait of an intoxicated elephant, departed from Kāmyaka forest, they (the remaining Pāṇḍavas) immediately became overwhelmed by grief.

Words meanings summery:

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of his brother (of the brother)

• नियोगात् (niyogāt) - upon the command (from the command, from the order, by the assignment)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira

• वनात् (vanāt) - from Kāmyaka forest (from the forest)

• असौ (asau) - that (Arjuna) (he, that one)

• वारणमत्तगामी (vāraṇamattagāmī) - who possesses the gait of an intoxicated elephant (one who walks like an intoxicated elephant)

• यत् (yat) - when (when, because, that (relative pronoun))

• काम्यकात् (kāmyakāt) - from Kāmyaka forest (from Kāmyaka (forest))

• प्रव्रजितः (pravrajitaḥ) - departed (departed, gone forth, renounced)

• स (sa) - that (Arjuna) (he, that)

• जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - Arjuna (an epithet meaning 'victorious') (Arjuna (victorious))

• तदा (tadā) - immediately, at that very time (then, at that time)

• एव (eva) - immediately (emphasizing simultaneity) (only, just, indeed, very)

• ते (te) - they (the remaining Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• शोकहताः (śokahatāḥ) - overwhelmed by grief (struck by grief, overwhelmed by sorrow)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became (they became, they were)

Words meanings and morphology

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of his brother (of the brother)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

नियोगात् (niyogāt) - upon the command (from the command, from the order, by the assignment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niyoga

niyoga - command, order, assignment, engagement

ni + yuj + ghañ

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (lit. firm in battle)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

वनात् (vanāt) - from Kāmyaka forest (from the forest)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, water

असौ (asau) - that (Arjuna) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder

Note: Refers to Arjuna

वारणमत्तगामी (vāraṇamattagāmī) - who possesses the gait of an intoxicated elephant (one who walks like an intoxicated elephant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāraṇamattagāmin

vāraṇamattagāmin - one whose gait is like that of an intoxicated elephant

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāraṇa+matta+gāmin)

• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• matta – intoxicated, exhilarated, maddened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mad (to be intoxicated)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• gāmin – going, moving, having the gait of
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root gam
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Adjective for Arjuna

यत् (yat) - when (when, because, that (relative pronoun))

(indeclinable)

Also relative pronoun

Note: Temporal conjunction.

काम्यकात् (kāmyakāt) - from Kāmyaka forest (from Kāmyaka (forest))

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāmyaka

kāmyaka - Kāmyaka (a specific forest)

प्रव्रजितः (pravrajitaḥ) - departed (departed, gone forth, renounced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravrajita

pravrajita - departed, gone forth, exiled, ascetic

Past Passive Participle

pra + vraj + kta

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally.

स (sa) - that (Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - Arjuna (an epithet meaning 'victorious') (Arjuna (victorious))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jiṣṇu

jiṣṇu - victorious, conquering, Arjuna (as a name)

From root ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - immediately, at that very time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - immediately (emphasizing simultaneity) (only, just, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (the remaining Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to the other Pāṇḍavas.

शोकहताः (śokahatāḥ) - overwhelmed by grief (struck by grief, overwhelmed by sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śokahata

śokahata - struck by grief, overwhelmed by sorrow

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+hata)

• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• hata – struck, killed, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for te.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became (they became, they were)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of bhū

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated perfect (Lit), Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)