महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-116, verse-4

तस्याः कुमाराश्चत्वारो जज्ञिरे रामपञ्चमाः ।
सर्वेषामजघन्यस्तु राम आसीज्जघन्यजः ॥४॥

4. tasyāḥ kumārāścatvāro jajñire rāmapañcamāḥ ,
sarveṣāmajaghanyastu rāma āsījjaghanyajaḥ.

4. tasyāḥ kumārāḥ catvāraḥ jajñire rāmapañcamāḥ
sarveṣām ajaghanyaḥ tu rāmaḥ āsīt jaghanyajaḥ

4. Four sons were born to her, with Rama as the fifth. Among all of them, Rama, though the youngest born, was by no means the least distinguished.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her, to her

• कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - sons, young men, boys

• चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

• जज्ञिरे (jajñire) - were born, originated

• रामपञ्चमाः (rāmapañcamāḥ) - with Rama as the fifth, having Rama as the fifth

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, among all

• अजघन्यः (ajaghanyaḥ) - not the youngest, not the last, pre-eminent, excellent

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was

• जघन्यजः (jaghanyajaḥ) - born last, youngest born

Words meanings and morphology

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her, to her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Can also be dative singular

कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - sons, young men, boys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, son, prince

चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of catūr

catūr - four

जज्ञिरे (jajñire) - were born, originated

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

रामपञ्चमाः (rāmapañcamāḥ) - with Rama as the fifth, having Rama as the fifth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rāmapañcama

rāmapañcama - having Rama as the fifth

Compound type : bahuvrihi (rāma+pañcama)

• rāma – Rama (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pañcama – fifth
  adjective

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, among all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

अजघन्यः (ajaghanyaḥ) - not the youngest, not the last, pre-eminent, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajaghanya

ajaghanya - not the last, not the youngest, excellent, chief

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jaghanya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• jaghanya – last, youngest, hindmost
  adjective

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name), pleasing, dark

आसीत् (āsīt) - was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

जघन्यजः (jaghanyajaḥ) - born last, youngest born

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaghanyaja

jaghanyaja - born last, youngest

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (jaghanya+ja)

• jaghanya – last, youngest, hindmost
  adjective
• ja – born, produced from
  noun (masculine)
  suffix from root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)