महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-116, verse-29

स दृष्ट्वा पितरं वीरस्तथा मृत्युवशं गतम् ।
अनर्हन्तं तथाभूतं विललाप सुदुःखितः ॥२९॥

29. sa dṛṣṭvā pitaraṁ vīrastathā mṛtyuvaśaṁ gatam ,
anarhantaṁ tathābhūtaṁ vilalāpa suduḥkhitaḥ.

29. sa dṛṣṭvā pitaram vīraḥ tathā mṛtyuvaśam gatam
anarhantam tathābhūtam vilalāpa suduḥkhitaḥ

29. That hero, very sorrowful, having seen his father thus fallen under the sway of death and undeserving of being in such a state, lamented.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Paraśurāma) (he)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father (accusative)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (Paraśurāma) (hero, brave man)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• मृत्युवशम् (mṛtyuvaśam) - under the sway of death, to the power of death

• गतम् (gatam) - fallen (under the sway of death) (gone, fallen)

• अनर्हन्तम् (anarhantam) - undeserving, unworthy

• तथाभूतम् (tathābhūtam) - being in such a state, having become thus

• विललाप (vilalāpa) - lamented, wailed

• सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - very sorrowful, greatly distressed

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Paraśurāma) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Paraśurāma.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

derived from root `dṛś` with suffix `-tvā`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पितरम् (pitaram) - father (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Refers to Jamadagni.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (Paraśurāma) (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man

Note: Refers to Paraśurāma.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies `mṛtyuvaśaṃ gatam`.

मृत्युवशम् (mṛtyuvaśam) - under the sway of death, to the power of death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyuvaśa

mṛtyuvaśa - control/sway of death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛtyu+vaśa)

• mṛtyu – death
  noun (masculine)
  from root `mṛ` (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• vaśa – power, control, sway
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 1)

Note: Object of `gatam` in a compound sense.

गतम् (gatam) - fallen (under the sway of death) (gone, fallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, fallen, passed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root `gam` (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `pitaram`.

अनर्हन्तम् (anarhantam) - undeserving, unworthy

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anarhant

anarhant - undeserving, unworthy

Negated Present Active Participle

`na` (negation) + present participle of root `arh` (to deserve)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+arhant)

• na – not, un-
  indeclinable
• arhant – deserving, worthy
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  derived from root `arh` (to deserve)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `pitaram`.

तथाभूतम् (tathābhūtam) - being in such a state, having become thus

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tathābhūta

tathābhūta - become so, being in such a state

Past Passive Participle

`tathā` (thus) + `bhūta` (become, been) from root `bhū`

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+bhūta)

• tathā – thus, so
  indeclinable
• bhūta – become, been, existing
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root `bhū` (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `pitaram`.

विललाप (vilalāpa) - lamented, wailed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of lap

Perfect Active

root `lap` with prefix `vi`, reduplicated for perfect

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: From `vi-lap`.

सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - very sorrowful, greatly distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduḥkhita

suduḥkhita - greatly pained, very unhappy

`su` (very) + `duḥkhita` (pained)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkhita)

• su – very, well, good
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – pained, distressed, sorrowful
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root `duḥkh` (to suffer pain)
  Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `sa`.