महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-116, verse-16

ममेदं वचनात्तात कृतं ते कर्म दुष्करम् ।
वृणीष्व कामान्धर्मज्ञ यावतो वाञ्छसे हृदा ॥१६॥

16. mamedaṁ vacanāttāta kṛtaṁ te karma duṣkaram ,
vṛṇīṣva kāmāndharmajña yāvato vāñchase hṛdā.

16. mama idam vacanāt tāta kṛtam te karma duṣkaram
vṛṇīṣva kāmān dharmajña yāvataḥ vāñchase hṛdā

16. O dear son, you have performed this extremely difficult deed (karma) at my command. O knower of natural law (dharma), choose as many desires as you wish from your heart.

Words meanings summery:

• मम (mama) - my, mine

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनात् (vacanāt) - from the word, from the command, from the statement

• तात (tāta) - O dear son (O dear one, O son, O father)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

• ते (te) - by you, for you, to you

• कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work, fate (karma)

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, hard to accomplish

• वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, select, ask for

• कामान् (kāmān) - desires, wishes

• धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - knower of righteousness, virtuous, acquainted with duty (dharma)

• यावतः (yāvataḥ) - as many as, as much as

• वाञ्छसे (vāñchase) - you desire, you wish

• हृदा (hṛdā) - with the heart, sincerely

Words meanings and morphology

मम (mama) - my, mine

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: This is the 1st person singular pronoun in the genitive case.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Refers to the deed (karma).

वचनात् (vacanāt) - from the word, from the command, from the statement

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, utterance, word, command

verbal noun

Derived from √vac with suffix -ana.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indicates the source or cause.

तात (tāta) - O dear son (O dear one, O son, O father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, son, dear one

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, deed, action

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √kṛ with suffix -ta.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ते (te) - by you, for you, to you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: This is the enclitic instrumental/dative/genitive of 'you'. In passive constructions like 'kṛtaṃ te karma', it means 'by you'.

कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work, fate (karma)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

Derived from √kṛ with suffix -man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The subject of the passive construction.

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, hard to accomplish

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, hard to accomplish

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• kara – doing, making, causing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √kṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.

वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, select, ask for

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛ

Root: vṛ (class 5)

कामान् (kāmān) - desires, wishes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'vṛṇīṣva'.

धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - knower of righteousness, virtuous, acquainted with duty (dharma)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

• dharma – duty, righteousness, law, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from √jñā 'to know'.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Addressed to Rama.

यावतः (yāvataḥ) - as many as, as much as

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yāvat

yāvat - as much, as many, as far as, until

Note: Agrees with 'kāmān'.

वाञ्छसे (vāñchase) - you desire, you wish

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vāñch

Root: vāñch (class 1)

हृदा (hṛdā) - with the heart, sincerely

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, soul

Note: Indicates the means or manner of desiring.