महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-148, verse-8

भीष्म उवाच ।
दुराचाराश्च दुर्धर्षा दुर्मुखाश्चाप्यसाधवः ।
साधवः शीलसंपन्नाः शिष्टाचारस्य लक्षणम् ॥८॥

8. bhīṣma uvāca ,
durācārāśca durdharṣā durmukhāścāpyasādhavaḥ ,
sādhavaḥ śīlasaṁpannāḥ śiṣṭācārasya lakṣaṇam.

8. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca durācārāḥ ca durdharṣāḥ durmukhāḥ ca api
asādhavaḥ sādhavaḥ śīlasampannāḥ śiṣṭācārasya lakṣaṇam

8. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
asādhavaḥ durācārāḥ ca durdharṣāḥ ca durmukhāḥ api.
sādhavaḥ śīlasampannāḥ śiṣṭācārasya lakṣaṇam

8. Bhishma said: 'The wicked are those of bad conduct, intractable, and foul-mouthed. In contrast, the virtuous are endowed with good character and exhibit the marks of proper behavior.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• दुराचाराः (durācārāḥ) - ill-behaved, wicked in conduct, having bad customs

• च (ca) - and, also

• दुर्धर्षाः (durdharṣāḥ) - formidable, intractable, difficult to attack/overcome

• दुर्मुखाः (durmukhāḥ) - foul-mouthed, having an unpleasant face

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

• असाधवः (asādhavaḥ) - the wicked, the unrighteous, the bad people

• साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - the virtuous, the good people, the righteous

• शीलसम्पन्नाः (śīlasampannāḥ) - endowed with good character/virtues, rich in moral conduct

• शिष्टाचारस्य (śiṣṭācārasya) - of good conduct, of proper behavior

• लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - characteristic, mark, sign, definition

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a grand-uncle and guru of the Pandavas and Kauravas)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

दुराचाराः (durācārāḥ) - ill-behaved, wicked in conduct, having bad customs

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durācāra

durācāra - ill-behaved, of bad conduct, immoral

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+ācāra)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill, hard
  indeclinable
• ācāra – conduct, custom, practice, behavior
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दुर्धर्षाः (durdharṣāḥ) - formidable, intractable, difficult to attack/overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - difficult to assault, irresistible, unmanageable, formidable

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+dharṣa)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill, hard
  indeclinable
• dharṣa – daring, boldness, assault, attack
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

दुर्मुखाः (durmukhāḥ) - foul-mouthed, having an unpleasant face

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durmukha

durmukha - having an ugly face, foul-mouthed, abusive

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+mukha)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill, hard
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

(indeclinable)

असाधवः (asādhavaḥ) - the wicked, the unrighteous, the bad people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asādhu

asādhu - not good, bad, wicked, villain

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sādhu)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sādhu – good, virtuous, righteous, holy man
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sādh (class 5)

साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - the virtuous, the good people, the righteous

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man, sage

शीलसम्पन्नाः (śīlasampannāḥ) - endowed with good character/virtues, rich in moral conduct

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śīlasampanna

śīlasampanna - endowed with good character, virtuous, rich in moral conduct

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śīla+sampanna)

• śīla – character, conduct, good disposition, virtue
  noun (neuter)
• sampanna – accomplished, endowed with, complete, rich in
  adjective
  past passive participle
  root PAD (to go, fall) with upasargas SAM (with, together) + -NA (ppp)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

शिष्टाचारस्य (śiṣṭācārasya) - of good conduct, of proper behavior

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śiṣṭācāra

śiṣṭācāra - good conduct, polite behavior, proper custom

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śiṣṭa+ācāra)

• śiṣṭa – taught, disciplined, polite, cultured, virtuous
  adjective
  past passive participle
  root ŚĀS (to teach, to discipline) + -TA (ppp)
  Root: śās (class 2)
• ācāra – conduct, custom, practice, behavior
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - characteristic, mark, sign, definition

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lakṣaṇa

lakṣaṇa - mark, sign, characteristic, definition, attribute