महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-148, verse-14

सायं प्रातर्मनुष्याणामशनं देवनिर्मितम् ।
नान्तरा भोजनं दृष्टमुपवासविधिर्हि सः ॥१४॥

14. sāyaṁ prātarmanuṣyāṇāmaśanaṁ devanirmitam ,
nāntarā bhojanaṁ dṛṣṭamupavāsavidhirhi saḥ.

14. sāyam prātaḥ manuṣyāṇām aśanam devanirmitam na
antarā bhojanam dṛṣṭam upavāsavidhiḥ hi saḥ

14. manuṣyāṇām sāyam prātaḥ aśanam devanirmitam.
antarā bhojanam na dṛṣṭam; hi saḥ upavāsavidhiḥ

14. The consumption of food by humans, both in the evening and in the morning, has been ordained by the gods. A meal in between these times is not prescribed, for that indeed constitutes the rule of fasting.

Words meanings summery:

• सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening, evening

• प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, morning

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - for humans, of humans

• अशनम् (aśanam) - eating, food

• देवनिर्मितम् (devanirmitam) - created by gods, made by gods

• न (na) - not, no

• अन्तरा (antarā) - between the morning and evening meals (in between, between, during)

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - meal, eating, food

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - not observed (as a rule), not prescribed (by scriptures) (seen, observed, ordained, prescribed)

• उपवासविधिः (upavāsavidhiḥ) - rule of fasting

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• सः (saḥ) - that (meal in between) (that, he)

Words meanings and morphology

सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening, evening

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an adverb of time.

प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, morning

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an adverb of time.

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - for humans, of humans

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human being, man

Note: Indicates purpose or relationship.

अशनम् (aśanam) - eating, food

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśana

aśana - eating, food, meal

agent noun/action noun

from root aś (to eat)

Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'is').

देवनिर्मितम् (devanirmitam) - created by gods, made by gods

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of devanirmita

devanirmita - created by gods

past passive participle (compound)

deva (god) + nirmita (created)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+nirmita)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 1)
• nirmita – created, made, formed
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  nis + mā + kta
  Prefix: nis
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies aśanam.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अन्तरा (antarā) - between the morning and evening meals (in between, between, during)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb of place/time.

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - meal, eating, food

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - eating, meal, food

action noun

from root bhuj (to eat)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - not observed (as a rule), not prescribed (by scriptures) (seen, observed, ordained, prescribed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived, known, prescribed

past passive participle

from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies bhojanam.

उपवासविधिः (upavāsavidhiḥ) - rule of fasting

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upavāsavidhi

upavāsavidhi - rule of fasting, procedure for fasting

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (upavāsa+vidhi)

• upavāsa – fasting, abstaining from food
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  upa + vas (to dwell, to stay near)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 1)
• vidhi – rule, method, injunction, procedure
  noun (masculine)
  from vi + dhā
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'saḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, provides reason.

सः (saḥ) - that (meal in between) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'antarā bhojanam'.