महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-148, verse-35

एक एव चरेद्धर्मं न धर्मध्वजिको भवेत् ।
धर्मवाणिजका ह्येते ये धर्ममुपभुञ्जते ॥३५॥

35. eka eva careddharmaṁ na dharmadhvajiko bhavet ,
dharmavāṇijakā hyete ye dharmamupabhuñjate.

35. ekaḥ eva caret dharmam na dharmadhvajikaḥ bhavet
dharmavāṇijakāḥ hi ete ye dharmam upabhuñjate

35. ekaḥ eva dharmam caret na dharmadhvajikaḥ bhavet
hi ete dharmavāṇijakāḥ ye dharmam upabhuñjate

35. One should practice one's inherent natural law (dharma) individually and not be a mere displayer of (dharma) (dharmadhvajika). For those who exploit (dharma) for personal gain are indeed like merchants of (dharma) (dharmavāṇijaka).

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - individually, alone (one, alone, single, unique)

• एव (eva) - alone, only (only, just, indeed, alone)

• चरेत् (caret) - one should practice (one should practice, one should move, one should follow, one should act)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - inherent natural law (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• धर्मध्वजिकः (dharmadhvajikaḥ) - a mere displayer of (dharma) (dharmadhvajika) (a hypocrite in (dharma), one who makes a display of (dharma))

• भवेत् (bhavet) - one should be (one should be, it may be, it might happen)

• धर्मवाणिजकाः (dharmavāṇijakāḥ) - merchants of (dharma) (dharmavāṇijaka) (merchants of (dharma), those who trade (dharma))

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because, surely)

• एते (ete) - these (people) (these, these ones)

• ये (ye) - who (who, which, those who)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• उपभुञ्जते (upabhuñjate) - they exploit for personal gain (they enjoy, they consume, they use for their own benefit)

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - individually, alone (one, alone, single, unique)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Numeral or pronominal adjective

एव (eva) - alone, only (only, just, indeed, alone)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

चरेत् (caret) - one should practice (one should practice, one should move, one should follow, one should act)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car

Optative Active

Root car, class 1

Root: car (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is 'one' (ekaḥ).

धर्मम् (dharmam) - inherent natural law (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negation

Note: Negates bhavet.

धर्मध्वजिकः (dharmadhvajikaḥ) - a mere displayer of (dharma) (dharmadhvajika) (a hypocrite in (dharma), one who makes a display of (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmadhvajika

dharmadhvajika - one who makes a mere show of (dharma), a hypocrite

Compound of dharma (righteousness) and dhvajika (flag-bearer, one who makes a sign/show).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / bahuvrīhi (one who has dharma as a flag) (dharma+dhvajika)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• dhvajika – one who has a flag, a standard-bearer, one who makes a show
  noun (masculine)
  From dhvaja (flag, banner) + ika (suffix)

Note: Predicate nominative for bhavet.

भवेत् (bhavet) - one should be (one should be, it may be, it might happen)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

Root bhū, class 1

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is 'one' (ekaḥ).

धर्मवाणिजकाः (dharmavāṇijakāḥ) - merchants of (dharma) (dharmavāṇijaka) (merchants of (dharma), those who trade (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmavāṇijaka

dharmavāṇijaka - one who makes trade of (dharma), a hypocrite in (dharma)

Compound of dharma (righteousness) and vāṇijaka (merchant).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vāṇijaka)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vāṇijaka – merchant, trader
  noun (masculine)
  From vaṇij (merchant) + aka (suffix)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'are'.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing cause or emphasis.

एते (ete) - these (people) (these, these ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, this one, these

Pronominal stem etad

ये (ye) - who (who, which, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronominal stem yad

Note: Subject of upabhuñjate.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

उपभुञ्जते (upabhuñjate) - they exploit for personal gain (they enjoy, they consume, they use for their own benefit)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of upa-bhuj

Present Middle

Root bhuj, class 7 (often used with upa to mean 'to use', 'to enjoy', 'to experience').

Prefix: upa

Root: bhuj (class 7)