महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-148, verse-18

स्वदेशे परदेशे वाप्यतिथिं नोपवासयेत् ।
कर्म वै सफलं कृत्वा गुरूणां प्रतिपादयेत् ॥१८॥

18. svadeśe paradeśe vāpyatithiṁ nopavāsayet ,
karma vai saphalaṁ kṛtvā gurūṇāṁ pratipādayet.

18. svadeśe paradeśe vā api atithim na upavāsayet
karma vai saphalam kṛtvā gurūṇām pratipādayet

18. svadeśe paradeśe vā api atithim na upavāsayet
vai saphalam karma kṛtvā gurūṇām pratipādayet

18. One should not cause a guest to fast, whether in one's own land or a foreign one. Indeed, after successfully performing one's deeds (karma), one should offer (the fruits or merit) to the venerable teachers (guru).

Words meanings summery:

• स्वदेशे (svadeśe) - in one's own country, in one's own land

• परदेशे (paradeśe) - in a foreign country, in another's land

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also

• अतिथिम् (atithim) - guest

• न (na) - not

• उपवासयेत् (upavāsayet) - should cause to fast, should make stay hungry

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, ritual, merit of action

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily

• सफलम् (saphalam) - fruitful, successful

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, after performing

• गुरूणाम् (gurūṇām) - to the teachers, of the teachers

• प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - should offer, should present, should dedicate

Words meanings and morphology

स्वदेशे (svadeśe) - in one's own country, in one's own land

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svadeśa

svadeśa - one's own country, homeland

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+deśa)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• deśa – country, place, region
  noun (masculine)

परदेशे (paradeśe) - in a foreign country, in another's land

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paradeśa

paradeśa - foreign country, another's country

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+deśa)

• para – other, foreign, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• deśa – country, place, region
  noun (masculine)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

अतिथिम् (atithim) - guest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger, visitor

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

उपवासयेत् (upavāsayet) - should cause to fast, should make stay hungry

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of upavas

Causative Optative

Derived from root vas (to dwell, to fast) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 1)

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, ritual, merit of action

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, result of action

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

सफलम् (saphalam) - fruitful, successful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saphala

saphala - fruitful, successful, effective, yielding fruit

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+phala)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, after performing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गुरूणाम् (gurūṇām) - to the teachers, of the teachers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, venerable person, heavy

Note: Used here with a dative sense 'to the teachers'.

प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - should offer, should present, should dedicate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pratipad

Causative Optative

Derived from root pad (to go, move) with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)