महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-148, verse-17

यजुषा संस्कृतं मांसमुपभुञ्जन्न दुष्यति ।
पृष्ठमांसं वृथामांसं पुत्रमांसं च तत्समम् ॥१७॥

17. yajuṣā saṁskṛtaṁ māṁsamupabhuñjanna duṣyati ,
pṛṣṭhamāṁsaṁ vṛthāmāṁsaṁ putramāṁsaṁ ca tatsamam.

17. yajuṣā saṃskṛtam māṃsam upabhuñjan na duṣyati
pṛṣṭhamāṃsam vṛthāmāṃsam putramāṃsam ca tat samam

17. yajuṣā saṃskṛtam māṃsam upabhuñjan na duṣyati
pṛṣṭhamāṃsam vṛthāmāṃsam putramāṃsam ca tat samam

17. One does not incur fault by consuming meat consecrated with Vedic formulas. However, meat from the back, meat killed without purpose, and human flesh are considered equally sinful.

Words meanings summery:

• यजुषा (yajuṣā) - by means of a Vedic formula, with a Yajus

• संस्कृतम् (saṁskṛtam) - consecrated, prepared, purified

• मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

• उपभुञ्जन् (upabhuñjan) - while eating, consuming

• न (na) - not

• दुष्यति (duṣyati) - becomes defiled, incurs fault, sins

• पृष्ठमांसम् (pṛṣṭhamāṁsam) - meat from the back, forbidden meat

• वृथामांसम् (vṛthāmāṁsam) - uselessly killed meat, meat not offered in ritual

• पुत्रमांसम् (putramāṁsam) - son's flesh, human flesh (metaphorically for something highly abhorrent)

• च (ca) - and

• तत् (tat) - that

• समम् (samam) - equally sinful (equal, similar, equivalent)

Words meanings and morphology

यजुषा (yajuṣā) - by means of a Vedic formula, with a Yajus

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yajus

yajus - Vedic formula, sacrificial prayer, a text of the Yajurveda

संस्कृतम् (saṁskṛtam) - consecrated, prepared, purified

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃskṛta

saṁskṛta - consecrated, prepared, refined, adorned, cultured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - meat, flesh

उपभुञ्जन् (upabhuñjan) - while eating, consuming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upabhuñjat

upabhuñjat - eating, consuming, enjoying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root bhuj (to eat, enjoy) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used here adjectivally to describe the agent 'one'

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

दुष्यति (duṣyati) - becomes defiled, incurs fault, sins

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of duṣ

Root: duṣ (class 4)

पृष्ठमांसम् (pṛṣṭhamāṁsam) - meat from the back, forbidden meat

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭhamāṃsa

pṛṣṭhamāṁsa - meat from the back (often considered forbidden or illicitly obtained)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛṣṭha+māṃsa)

• pṛṣṭha – back, surface, top
  noun (neuter)
• māṃsa – meat, flesh
  noun (neuter)

वृथामांसम् (vṛthāmāṁsam) - uselessly killed meat, meat not offered in ritual

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛthāmāṃsa

vṛthāmāṁsa - meat killed in vain, meat not offered in a (yajña) or for a specific purpose

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛthā+māṃsa)

• vṛthā – in vain, uselessly, without purpose
  indeclinable
• māṃsa – meat, flesh
  noun (neuter)

पुत्रमांसम् (putramāṁsam) - son's flesh, human flesh (metaphorically for something highly abhorrent)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of putramāṃsa

putramāṁsa - son's meat, human flesh, especially a child's flesh (used metaphorically for the most abominable food)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+māṃsa)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• māṃsa – meat, flesh
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

समम् (samam) - equally sinful (equal, similar, equivalent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - same, equal, similar, even, level