महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-148, verse-31

यथा लवणमम्भोभिराप्लुतं प्रविलीयते ।
प्रायश्चित्तहतं पापं तथा सद्यः प्रणश्यति ॥३१॥

31. yathā lavaṇamambhobhirāplutaṁ pravilīyate ,
prāyaścittahataṁ pāpaṁ tathā sadyaḥ praṇaśyati.

31. yathā lavaṇam ambhobhiḥ āplutam pravilīyate |
prāyaścittahatam pāpam tathā sadyaḥ praṇaśyati

31. yathā ambhobhiḥ āplutam lavaṇam pravilīyate,
tathā prāyaścittahatam pāpam sadyaḥ praṇaśyati

31. Just as salt, completely immersed in water, dissolves away, so too, sin destroyed by atonement (prāyaścitta) immediately perishes.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• लवणम् (lavaṇam) - salt

• अम्भोभिः (ambhobhiḥ) - in water (by waters)

• आप्लुतम् (āplutam) - completely immersed (immersed, drenched, overflowing)

• प्रविलीयते (pravilīyate) - dissolves away (it dissolves completely, it melts away)

• प्रायश्चित्तहतम् (prāyaścittahatam) - destroyed by atonement (prāyaścitta) (destroyed by penance/atonement)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil)

• तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in that manner)

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, at once, instantly)

• प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - perishes (it perishes, it is destroyed, it disappears)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

लवणम् (lavaṇam) - salt

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lavaṇa

lavaṇa - salt, salty

Root: lu (class 1)

Note: Subject of pravilīyate.

अम्भोभिः (ambhobhiḥ) - in water (by waters)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of ambhas

ambhas - water

Root: ambh

Note: Instrumental case indicating a means or a container.

आप्लुतम् (āplutam) - completely immersed (immersed, drenched, overflowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āpluta

āpluta - immersed, drenched, flooded, covered

Past Passive Participle

ā- + root plu (to float) + kta suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Adjectival modifier of lavaṇam.

प्रविलीयते (pravilīyate) - dissolves away (it dissolves completely, it melts away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of lī

Present Middle Indicative

pra- + vi- + root lī, passive form

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: lī (class 4)

प्रायश्चित्तहतम् (prāyaścittahatam) - destroyed by atonement (prāyaścitta) (destroyed by penance/atonement)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāyaścittahata

prāyaścittahata - destroyed by atonement, neutralized by penance

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāyaścitta+hata)

• prāyaścitta – atonement, penance, expiation
  noun (neuter)
• hata – struck, killed, destroyed, overcome
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Adjectival modifier of pāpam.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, vice, wicked

Note: Subject of praṇaśyati.

तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, at once, instantly)

(indeclinable)

प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - perishes (it perishes, it is destroyed, it disappears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṇaś

Present Active Indicative

pra- + root ṇaś (with n-insertion for retroflexion)

Prefix: pra

Root: ṇaś (class 4)

Note: Intransitive verb.