महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-104, verse-9

अहं तत्रावसं राजन्ब्रह्मचारी जितेन्द्रियः ।
तासां मे रजसा ध्वस्तं भैक्षमासीन्नराधिप ॥९॥

9. ahaṁ tatrāvasaṁ rājanbrahmacārī jitendriyaḥ ,
tāsāṁ me rajasā dhvastaṁ bhaikṣamāsīnnarādhipa.

9. aham tatra āvasam rājan brahmacārī jitendriyaḥ |
tāsām me rajasā dhvastam bhaikṣam āsīt narādhipa

9. rājan narādhipa aham brahmacārī jitendriyaḥ tatra
āvasam tāsām rajasā me bhaikṣam dhvastam āsīt

9. O King (rājan), I, a practitioner of sacred study (brahmacarya) and one who had controlled his senses, lived there. O Lord of men (narādhipa), my alms-food was defiled by the dust of those (cows).

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तत्र (tatra) - referring to the location where the events of the previous verses occurred (there, in that place)

• आवसम् (āvasam) - I lived, I resided

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a practitioner of sacred study (brahmacarya), a celibate student

• जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has controlled his senses

• तासाम् (tāsām) - of those cows mentioned in the previous verse (of those (feminine))

• मे (me) - my, to me

• रजसा (rajasā) - by the dust/dirt from the suffering cows (by dust, by impurity)

• ध्वस्तम् (dhvastam) - defiled, rendered impure or unfit (destroyed, defiled, corrupted, fallen)

• भैक्षम् (bhaikṣam) - alms, food received as alms

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person pronoun.

Note: Speaker of the verse.

तत्र (tatra) - referring to the location where the events of the previous verses occurred (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

Note: Refers to the location where the events of the previous verses occurred.

आवसम् (āvasam) - I lived, I resided

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vas

Past imperfect active verb

Imperfect (laṅ), 1st person singular, active voice. The prefix 'ā' indicates 'to dwell near' or simply 'to dwell'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vas (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

N-stem noun.

Root: rāj

Note: Direct address to a king.

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a practitioner of sacred study (brahmacarya), a celibate student

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - one who practices (brahmacarya), a religious student, a celibate

Compound of 'brahman' (Vedic knowledge/sacred study) and 'cārin' (one who practices).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – sacred knowledge, Veda, Brahmin, supreme reality (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – one who walks, practices, observes
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root 'car' (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Describes the speaker.

जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has controlled his senses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jitendriya

jitendriya - one who has conquered or controlled his senses

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'jita' (conquered) + 'indriya' (sense organs).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+indriya)

• jita – conquered, overcome, won
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer) with suffix 'kta'.
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes the speaker.

तासाम् (tāsām) - of those cows mentioned in the previous verse (of those (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Possessive, 'of those (cows)'.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of the 1st person pronoun (genitive/dative singular).

Note: Possessive for 'bhaikṣam'.

रजसा (rajasā) - by the dust/dirt from the suffering cows (by dust, by impurity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, impurity, passion, menstrual discharge

S-stem neuter noun.

Root: rañj

Note: Agent of defilement.

ध्वस्तम् (dhvastam) - defiled, rendered impure or unfit (destroyed, defiled, corrupted, fallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhvasta

dhvasta - destroyed, ruined, defiled, fallen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dhvaṃs' (to fall, to perish) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhaikṣam'.

भैक्षम् (bhaikṣam) - alms, food received as alms

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaikṣa

bhaikṣa - alms, mendicancy, food obtained by begging

Derived from 'bhikṣā' (begging, alms).

Root: bhikṣ

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Past imperfect active verb

Imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'nara' (man) + 'adhipa' (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)