महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-104, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
चण्डालस्य च संवादं क्षत्रबन्धोश्च भारत ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
caṇḍālasya ca saṁvādaṁ kṣatrabandhośca bhārata.

2. bhīṣma uvāca atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
caṇḍālasya ca saṃvādam kṣatrabandhoḥ ca bhārata

2. bhīṣma uvāca bhārata atra api purātanam imam itihāsam
caṇḍālasya ca kṣatrabandhoḥ ca saṃvādam udāharanti

2. Bhishma said: In this regard, they also narrate this ancient story (itihāsa), a dialogue between a caṇḍāla and a kshatriya by birth (kṣatrabandhu), O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma, the grandsire, speaks (Bhishma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma said (said, spoke)

• अत्र (atra) - in this context, in this regard (here, in this matter)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they narrate, they tell (they cite, they relate, they mention)

• इमम् (imam) - this (masculine accusative singular) (this, him)

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - story (itihāsa) (history, legend, narrative)

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient (ancient, old, traditional)

• चण्डालस्य (caṇḍālasya) - of a caṇḍāla (of a caṇḍāla, of an outcaste)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• संवादम् (saṁvādam) - dialogue (conversation, dialogue, discussion)

• क्षत्रबन्धोः (kṣatrabandhoḥ) - of a kshatriya by birth (kṣatrabandhu) (of a kshatriya by name, of a fallen kshatriya)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Yudhishthira or a general descendant of Bharata) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma, the grandsire, speaks (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative 3rd singular

Root 'vac' (2nd class, adādi), perfect 'uvāca' (irregular formation for some roots).

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - in this context, in this regard (here, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Suffix 'trā' added to 'idam' (this).

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they narrate, they tell (they cite, they relate, they mention)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of hṛ

present active indicative 3rd plural

Root 'hṛ' (1st class, bhvādi). Formed with prefixes 'ud' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this (masculine accusative singular) (this, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Pronominal stem.

Note: Referring to 'itihāsam' or 'saṃvādam'.

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - story (itihāsa) (history, legend, narrative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - legend, tradition, history, narrative, epic

'iti ha āsa' - 'thus it indeed was'.

Note: Object of 'udāharanti'.

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient (ancient, old, traditional)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - old, ancient, primeval, traditional

From 'purā' (formerly) + 'tana' (suffix forming adjectives of time).

चण्डालस्य (caṇḍālasya) - of a caṇḍāla (of a caṇḍāla, of an outcaste)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of caṇḍāla

caṇḍāla - an outcaste, an untouchable (born of a śūdra father and brāhmaṇa mother, or similar mixed unions)

Note: Possessive, referring to the dialogue.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'caṇḍālasya' and 'kṣatrabandhoḥ'.

संवादम् (saṁvādam) - dialogue (conversation, dialogue, discussion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvāda

saṁvāda - conversation, dialogue, discussion, agreement

From 'sam-vad' (to speak together).

Prefix: sam

Root: vad (class 1)

क्षत्रबन्धोः (kṣatrabandhoḥ) - of a kshatriya by birth (kṣatrabandhu) (of a kshatriya by name, of a fallen kshatriya)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatrabandhu

kṣatrabandhu - a kshatriya only by birth (not by actions), a degraded kshatriya, a pseudo-kshatriya

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatra+bandhu)

• kṣatra – rule, dominion, spiritual power (of a kshatriya), a kshatriya
  noun (neuter)
• bandhu – relative, kinsman, friend, connection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, referring to the dialogue.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'caṇḍālasya' and 'kṣatrabandhoḥ'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Yudhishthira or a general descendant of Bharata) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, related to India

From Bharata (name of an ancient king).