महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-104, verse-28

भीष्म उवाच ।
इत्युक्तः स तदा राजन्ब्रह्मस्वार्थे परंतप ।
हुत्वा रणमुखे प्राणान्गतिमिष्टामवाप ह ॥२८॥

28. bhīṣma uvāca ,
ityuktaḥ sa tadā rājanbrahmasvārthe paraṁtapa ,
hutvā raṇamukhe prāṇāngatimiṣṭāmavāpa ha.

28. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca iti uktaḥ saḥ tadā rājan paraṃtapa
brahmasvārthe hutvā raṇamukhe prāṇān gatim iṣṭām avāpa ha

28. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca rājan,
paraṃtapa,
tadā iti uktaḥ saḥ brahmasvārthe raṇamukhe prāṇān hutvā,
iṣṭām gatim ha avāpa

28. Bhīṣma said: "O King, O subduer of foes, thus addressed, he then, by sacrificing his life on the battlefield for the sake of a brahmin's property, indeed attained the desired state."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by the kshatriya) (spoken, said, addressed)

• सः (saḥ) - the outcaste (caṇḍāla) (he, that)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O subduer of foes, O tormentor of enemies

• ब्रह्मस्वार्थे (brahmasvārthe) - for the sake of a brahmin's property/wealth

• हुत्वा (hutvā) - having sacrificed, by sacrificing

• रणमुखे (raṇamukhe) - on the front of battle, on the battlefield

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - one's life (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• गतिम् (gatim) - a state or condition (of existence after death) (state, condition, destination, path)

• इष्टाम् (iṣṭām) - desired, wished for, agreeable

• अवाप (avāpa) - attained, obtained

• ह (ha) - indeed, verily (particle)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a proper name, son of Śāntanu and Gaṅgā)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

From root vac (to speak), 3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by the kshatriya) (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'

सः (saḥ) - the outcaste (caṇḍāla) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O subduer of foes, O tormentor of enemies

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - subduing foes, tormenting enemies, a hero

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• tapa – burning, tormenting, heat
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

ब्रह्मस्वार्थे (brahmasvārthe) - for the sake of a brahmin's property/wealth

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brahmasvārtha

brahmasvārtha - for the sake of brahmin's property

From brahman + sva + artha

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+sva+artha)

• brahman – a brahmin, sacred knowledge, the Absolute
  noun (neuter)
• sva – one's own property, wealth
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of'

हुत्वा (hutvā) - having sacrificed, by sacrificing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root hu (3rd class); absolutive form

Root: hu (class 3)

रणमुखे (raṇamukhe) - on the front of battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of raṇamukha

raṇamukha - front of battle, battlefield

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+mukha)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front, chief
  noun (neuter)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - one's life (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

गतिम् (gatim) - a state or condition (of existence after death) (state, condition, destination, path)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, state, condition, destination

From root gam (to go) + ti (suffix)

Root: gam (class 1)

इष्टाम् (iṣṭām) - desired, wished for, agreeable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished, worshipped, agreeable

Past Passive Participle

From root iṣ (to desire/wish)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'gatim'

अवाप (avāpa) - attained, obtained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ava-āp

Perfect Active

Root āp (5th class) with prefix ava; 3rd person singular perfect active

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

ह (ha) - indeed, verily (particle)

(indeclinable)