महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-98, verse-20

मा स्म तांस्तादृशांस्तात जनिष्ठाः पुरुषाधमान् ।
ये सहायान्रणे हित्वा स्वस्तिमन्तो गृहान्ययुः ॥२०॥

20. mā sma tāṁstādṛśāṁstāta janiṣṭhāḥ puruṣādhamān ,
ye sahāyānraṇe hitvā svastimanto gṛhānyayuḥ.

20. mā sma tān tādṛśān tāta janiṣṭhāḥ puruṣādhamān
ye sahāyān raṇe hitvā svastimantaḥ gṛhān ayuḥ

20. tāta ye raṇe sahāyān hitvā svastimantaḥ gṛhān
ayuḥ tān tādṛśān puruṣādhamān mā sma janiṣṭhāḥ

20. O dear one, do not become like those lowest among men (puruṣādhamān) who, having abandoned their companions in battle, returned safely to their homes.

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - not, do not, particle of prohibition

• स्म (sma) - indeed, verily, (used with mā for emphasis in prohibition)

• तान् (tān) - those

• तादृशान् (tādṛśān) - such, of that kind

• तात (tāta) - O dear one, my son, my friend

• जनिष्ठाः (janiṣṭhāḥ) - With 'mā', it means 'do not become'. (you should be born, you should become)

• पुरुषाधमान् (puruṣādhamān) - lowest of men, vile men

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• सहायान् (sahāyān) - companions, allies, helpers

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having given up

• स्वस्तिमन्तः (svastimantaḥ) - safe, prosperous, well

• गृहान् (gṛhān) - to homes, houses

• अयुः (ayuḥ) - they went

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - not, do not, particle of prohibition

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - indeed, verily, (used with mā for emphasis in prohibition)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

तादृशान् (tādṛśān) - such, of that kind

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, of that kind, similar to that

तात (tāta) - O dear one, my son, my friend

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, son, friend

जनिष्ठाः (janiṣṭhāḥ) - With 'mā', it means 'do not become'. (you should be born, you should become)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, aorist (luṅ) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Aorist 2nd person singular, used with mā as a prohibitive.

पुरुषाधमान् (puruṣādhamān) - lowest of men, vile men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puruṣādhama

puruṣādhama - lowest of men, vile man, mean man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+adhama)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, meanest, vilest, worst
  adjective (masculine)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

सहायान् (sahāyān) - companions, allies, helpers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sahāya

sahāya - companion, assistant, helper, ally

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root √hā (to abandon) with suffix -tvā.

Root: hā (class 3)

स्वस्तिमन्तः (svastimantaḥ) - safe, prosperous, well

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svastimat

svastimat - being well, safe, prosperous, fortunate

Derived from svasti + matup suffix.

गृहान् (gṛhān) - to homes, houses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

अयुः (ayuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect/aorist (laṅ/luṅ) of i

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Can be either imperfect (laṅ) or aorist (luṅ).