महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-98, verse-2

अथ स्म कर्मणा येन लोकाञ्जयति पार्थिवः ।
विद्वञ्जिज्ञासमानाय प्रब्रूहि भरतर्षभ ॥२॥

2. atha sma karmaṇā yena lokāñjayati pārthivaḥ ,
vidvañjijñāsamānāya prabrūhi bharatarṣabha.

2. atha sma karmaṇā yena lokān jayati pārthivaḥ
vidvan jijñāsamānāya prabrūhi bharatarṣabha

2. atha sma vidvan bharatarṣabha jijñāsamānāya
yena karmaṇā pārthivaḥ lokān jayati prabrūhi

2. Therefore, O wise one, O best of Bharatas, please declare to me who desires to know, by what action (karma) a king conquers worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, therefore, auspicious particle

• स्म (sma) - Emphasizes the preceding word or indicates a past event. (an emphatic or past tense particle)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action (karma), by deed

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, regions, people

• जयति (jayati) - conquers, wins, is victorious

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, earthly ruler

• विद्वन् (vidvan) - Addressing Bhīṣma (O wise one, O learned one)

• जिज्ञासमानाय (jijñāsamānāya) - To Yudhiṣṭhira, who is asking. (to one who desires to know, to the inquisitive one)

• प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - declare, tell, explain

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Bhīṣma (O best of Bharatas (a royal lineage))

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, therefore, auspicious particle

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - Emphasizes the preceding word or indicates a past event. (an emphatic or past tense particle)

(indeclinable)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action (karma), by deed

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

n-stem noun, derived from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, regions, people

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, region, realm, people

Root: loc (class 10)

जयति (jayati) - conquers, wins, is victorious

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ji

present tense

3rd person singular present active

Root: ji (class 1)

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, earthly ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, a king, prince (derived from pṛthivī - earth)

derived from pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ suffix

विद्वन् (vidvan) - Addressing Bhīṣma (O wise one, O learned one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - knowing, wise, learned

perfect active participle

from root vid

Root: vid (class 2)

जिज्ञासमानाय (jijñāsamānāya) - To Yudhiṣṭhira, who is asking. (to one who desires to know, to the inquisitive one)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of jijñāsamāna

jijñāsamāna - desiring to know, inquisitive

present middle participle

Desiderative of jñā + śānac suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as a noun here, "to the one desiring to know".

प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - declare, tell, explain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prabrū

imperative mood

2nd person singular imperative active

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Bhīṣma (O best of Bharatas (a royal lineage))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best/bull among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a king of the lunar dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, preeminent one
  noun (masculine)