महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-74, verse-7

ऐल उवाच ।
यदा हि ब्रह्म प्रजहाति क्षत्रं क्षत्रं यदा वा प्रजहाति ब्रह्म ।
अन्वग्बलं कतमेऽस्मिन्भजन्ते तथाबल्यं कतमेऽस्मिन्वियन्ति ॥७॥

7. aila uvāca ,
yadā hi brahma prajahāti kṣatraṁ; kṣatraṁ yadā vā prajahāti brahma ,
anvagbalaṁ katame'sminbhajante; tathābalyaṁ katame'sminviyanti.

7. Aila uvāca yadā hi brahma prajahāti
kṣatram kṣatram yadā vā prajahāti
brahma anvak balam katame asmin bhajante
tathā abalyam katame asmin viyanti

7. Aila uvāca yadā hi brahma kṣatram prajahāti,
vā yadā kṣatram brahma prajahāti,
asmin (satyām) katame balam anvak bhajante,
tathā asmin (satyām) katame abalyam viyanti?

7. Aila said: When indeed the priestly class (brahman) abandons the warrior class (kṣatra), or when the warrior class (kṣatra) abandons the priestly class (brahman) – in such a situation, which ones resort to power, and which ones depart from weakness?

Words meanings summery:

• ऐल (aila) - Aila

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the priestly class

• प्रजहाति (prajahāti) - abandons, gives up, forsakes

• क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the warrior class, power, dominion

• क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the warrior class, power, dominion

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• वा (vā) - or, either... or

• प्रजहाति (prajahāti) - abandons, gives up, forsakes

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the priestly class

• अन्वक् (anvak) - resorting to (following, pursuing)

• बलम् (balam) - power, strength, force

• कतमे (katame) - which ones? what sort?

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (situation) (in this, here)

• भजन्ते (bhajante) - they resort to, they follow, they partake of

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• अबल्यम् (abalyam) - weakness, feebleness, lack of strength

• कतमे (katame) - which ones? what sort?

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (situation) (in this, here)

• वियन्ति (viyanti) - they depart, they abandon, they go away

Words meanings and morphology

ऐल (aila) - Aila

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Aila

Aila - name of a king, son of Ilā (and Budha)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

Perfect form of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the priestly class, Brahmins, sacred knowledge, the ultimate reality (brahman)

Note: Also accusative singular

प्रजहाति (prajahāti) - abandons, gives up, forsakes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of prajahāti

Present Active

Derived from pra- + √hā (to abandon)

Prefix: pra

Root: hā (class 3)

क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the warrior class, power, dominion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - warrior class, power, dominion, kingdom

क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the warrior class, power, dominion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - warrior class, power, dominion, kingdom

Note: Also accusative singular

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either... or

(indeclinable)

प्रजहाति (prajahāti) - abandons, gives up, forsakes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of prajahāti

Present Active

Derived from pra- + √hā (to abandon)

Prefix: pra

Root: hā (class 3)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the priestly class

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the priestly class, Brahmins, sacred knowledge, the ultimate reality (brahman)

Note: Also nominative singular

अन्वक् (anvak) - resorting to (following, pursuing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anvañc

anvañc - following, pursuing, resorting to

Derived from anu- + √añc (to bend, go)

Prefix: anu

Root: añc (class 1)

बलम् (balam) - power, strength, force

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - power, strength, force, army

कतमे (katame) - which ones? what sort?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of katama

katama - which (of many)?

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (situation) (in this, here)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the situation/state mentioned

भजन्ते (bhajante) - they resort to, they follow, they partake of

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of bhajate

Present Middle

Root bhaj, Ātmanepada

Root: bhaj (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

अबल्यम् (abalyam) - weakness, feebleness, lack of strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abalya

abalya - weakness, feebleness, want of power

Derived from a- (not) + bala (strength)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+bala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

कतमे (katame) - which ones? what sort?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of katama

katama - which (of many)?

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (situation) (in this, here)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the situation/state mentioned

वियन्ति (viyanti) - they depart, they abandon, they go away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of viyāti

Present Active

Derived from vi- + √i (to go)

Prefix: vi

Root: i (class 2)