महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-74, verse-23

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कश्यप उवाच ।
असंत्यागात्पापकृतामपापांस्तुल्यो दण्डः स्पृशते मिश्रभावात् ।
शुष्केणार्द्रं दह्यते मिश्रभावान्न मिश्रः स्यात्पापकृद्भिः कथंचित् ॥२३॥

23. kaśyapa uvāca ,
asaṁtyāgātpāpakṛtāmapāpāṁ;stulyo daṇḍaḥ spṛśate miśrabhāvāt ,
śuṣkeṇārdraṁ dahyate miśrabhāvā;nna miśraḥ syātpāpakṛdbhiḥ kathaṁcit.

23. kaśyapaḥ uvāca | asaṃtyāgāt pāpakṛtām
apāpān tulyaḥ daṇḍaḥ spṛśate miśrabhāvāt
| śuṣkeṇa ādram dahyate miśrabhāvāt
na miśraḥ syāt pāpakṛdbhiḥ kathaṃcit

23. kaśyapaḥ uvāca pāpakṛtām asaṃtyāgāt,
miśrabhāvāt apāpān tulyaḥ daṇḍaḥ spṛśate miśrabhāvāt śuṣkeṇa ādram dahyate kathaṃcit pāpakṛdbhiḥ na miśraḥ syāt

23. Kaśyapa said: Because of not abandoning evildoers, the innocent are touched by equal punishment due to association. Just as the wet is burned by the dry due to mixing, one should by no means associate with those who commit evil (pāpakṛt).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

कश्यपः (kaśyapaḥ) - Kaśyapa (a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

असंत्यागात् (asaṁtyāgāt) - from non-abandonment, from not giving up

पापकृताम् (pāpakṛtām) - of those who commit evil (pāpa), of wrongdoers

अपापान् (apāpān) - the innocent, those without sin

तुल्यः (tulyaḥ) - equal, similar

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, stick, staff

स्पृशते (spṛśate) - touches, affects

मिश्रभावात् (miśrabhāvāt) - due to association, from mixing

शुष्केण (śuṣkeṇa) - by the dry (one/thing)

आद्रम् (ādram) - the wet (one/thing)

दह्यते (dahyate) - is burned, is consumed by fire

मिश्रभावात् (miśrabhāvāt) - due to association, from mixing

न (na) - not, no

मिश्रः (miśraḥ) - mixed, associated

स्यात् (syāt) - one should be, may be

पापकृद्भिः (pāpakṛdbhiḥ) - by/with wrongdoers, by/with those who commit evil (pāpa)

कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) - by any means, somehow, by any chance

Words meanings and morphology

कश्यपः (kaśyapaḥ) - Kaśyapa (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaśyapa

kaśyapa - a proper name, a celebrated Vedic sage

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

असंत्यागात् (asaṁtyāgāt) - from non-abandonment, from not giving up

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of asaṃtyāga

asaṁtyāga - non-abandonment, not giving up, relinquishing

compound of 'a' (negation) and 'saṃtyāga'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+saṃtyāga)

a – not, non
indeclinable
negation prefix
saṃtyāga – abandonment, giving up, relinquishing
noun (masculine)
from saṃ + √tyaj
Prefix: sam
Root: tyaj (class 1)

पापकृताम् (pāpakṛtām) - of those who commit evil (pāpa), of wrongdoers

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of pāpakṛt

pāpakṛt - evildoer, sinner, one who commits sin

agent noun

from pāpa + √kṛ, word-ending participle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+kṛt)

pāpa – sin, evil, wrong
noun (neuter)
kṛt – doing, making, causing (agent noun from √kṛ)
participle
agent noun
from √kṛ 'to do'
Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: functions as a substantive here

अपापान् (apāpān) - the innocent, those without sin

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of apāpa

apāpa - sinless, innocent, pure

compound of 'a' (negation) and 'pāpa'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+pāpa)

a – not, non
indeclinable
negation prefix
pāpa – sin, evil, wrong
noun (neuter)

Note: functions as a substantive here

तुल्यः (tulyaḥ) - equal, similar

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tulya

tulya - equal, similar, comparable

from tulā (balance)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, stick, staff

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - punishment, rod, staff

from √daṇḍ 'to punish'

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

स्पृशते (spṛśate) - touches, affects

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of spṛś

present middle

3rd person singular present middle of √spṛś

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Ātmanepada form

मिश्रभावात् (miśrabhāvāt) - due to association, from mixing

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of miśrabhāva

miśrabhāva - state of mixing, association, mixture

compound of 'miśra' and 'bhāva'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (miśra+bhāva)

miśra – mixed, mingled, associated
adjective
from √miśr 'to mix'
Root: miśr (class 10)
bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature
noun (masculine)
from √bhū 'to be'
Root: bhū (class 1)

शुष्केण (śuṣkeṇa) - by the dry (one/thing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śuṣka

śuṣka - dry, withered, parched

past passive participle

from √śuṣ 'to dry'

Root: śuṣ (class 4)

Note: functions as a substantive referring to a dry object like wood

आद्रम् (ādram) - the wet (one/thing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārdra

ārdra - wet, moist, fresh

Note: functions as a substantive referring to a wet object like wood

दह्यते (dahyate) - is burned, is consumed by fire

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dah

present passive

3rd person singular present passive of √dah

Root: dah (class 1)

मिश्रभावात् (miśrabhāvāt) - due to association, from mixing

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of miśrabhāva

miśrabhāva - state of mixing, association, mixture

compound of 'miśra' and 'bhāva'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (miśra+bhāva)

miśra – mixed, mingled, associated
adjective
from √miśr 'to mix'
Root: miśr (class 10)
bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature
noun (masculine)
from √bhū 'to be'
Root: bhū (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मिश्रः (miśraḥ) - mixed, associated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of miśra

miśra - mixed, mingled, associated

from √miśr 'to mix'

Root: miśr (class 10)

स्यात् (syāt) - one should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

optative