महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-74, verse-30

पूर्वं हि ब्राह्मणाः सृष्टा इति धर्मविदो विदुः ।
ज्येष्ठेनाभिजनेनास्य प्राप्तं सर्वं यदुत्तरम् ॥३०॥

30. pūrvaṁ hi brāhmaṇāḥ sṛṣṭā iti dharmavido viduḥ ,
jyeṣṭhenābhijanenāsya prāptaṁ sarvaṁ yaduttaram.

30. pūrvaṃ hi brāhmaṇāḥ sṛṣṭāḥ iti dharmavidaḥ viduḥ
jyeṣṭhena abhijanen asya prāptaṃ sarvaṃ yat uttaram

30. hi pūrvaṃ brāhmaṇāḥ sṛṣṭāḥ iti dharmavidaḥ viduḥ asya
jyeṣṭhena abhijanena sarvaṃ yat uttaraṃ (asti) prāptaṃ

30. Indeed, Brahmins were created first – so say those who know the natural law (dharma). By virtue of his superior birth (lineage), everything that is excellent (or superior) is obtained by him.

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, first, before

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

• सृष्टाः (sṛṣṭāḥ) - created

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

• धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - those who know the natural law (dharma), knowers of duty

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• ज्येष्ठेन (jyeṣṭhena) - by the superior, by the eldest, by the highest

• अभिजनेन् (abhijanen) - by birth, by lineage, by noble origin

• अस्य (asya) - of him, of this (masc./neut. gen. sg.)

• प्राप्तं (prāptaṁ) - obtained, attained, reached (neut. nom./acc. sg.)

• सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - all, everything (neut. nom./acc. sg.)

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever (neut. nom./acc. sg.)

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - subsequent, later, superior, excellent (neut. nom./acc. sg.)

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, first, before

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular

Note: Adverbial

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, related to Brahma/Brahman

From brahman (neuter) or brahman (masculine)

Root: bṛh (class 1)

सृष्टाः (sṛṣṭāḥ) - created

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sṛṣṭa

sṛṣṭa - created, emitted, formed

Past Passive Participle

From √sṛj 'to create', Nominative Plural Masculine

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇāḥ

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - those who know the natural law (dharma), knowers of duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmavid

dharmavid - knowing natural law (dharma), knowing duty

Compound, from dharma + √vid 'to know'

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+vid)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knowing, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  From √vid 'to know'
  Root: vid (class 2)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vid

Perfect Active

From √vid 'to know', Perfect Active 3rd Plural, used as present

Root: vid (class 2)

ज्येष्ठेन (jyeṣṭhena) - by the superior, by the eldest, by the highest

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, best, most excellent

Superlative of yuvan (young), irregular formation

Note: Agrees with abhijanen.

अभिजनेन् (abhijanen) - by birth, by lineage, by noble origin

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhijana

abhijana - birth, lineage, family, noble origin

From abhi + √jan 'to be born'

Prefix: abhi

Root: jan (class 4)

अस्य (asya) - of him, of this (masc./neut. gen. sg.)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

प्राप्तं (prāptaṁ) - obtained, attained, reached (neut. nom./acc. sg.)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

From pra + √āp 'to obtain', Nominative Singular Neuter

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with sarvaṃ.

सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - all, everything (neut. nom./acc. sg.)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

यत् (yat) - which, whatever (neut. nom./acc. sg.)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun, Nominative Singular Neuter

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - subsequent, later, superior, excellent (neut. nom./acc. sg.)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - upper, later, subsequent, excellent, superior

Comparative degree of ud/upa (up/near)

Note: Agrees with sarvaṃ and yat.