महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-74, verse-8

कश्यप उवाच ।
व्यृद्धं राष्ट्रं भवति क्षत्रियस्य ब्रह्म क्षत्रं यत्र विरुध्यते ह ।
अन्वग्बलं दस्यवस्तद्भजन्तेऽबल्यं तथा तत्र वियन्ति सन्तः ॥८॥

8. kaśyapa uvāca ,
vyṛddhaṁ rāṣṭraṁ bhavati kṣatriyasya; brahma kṣatraṁ yatra virudhyate ha ,
anvagbalaṁ dasyavastadbhajante;'balyaṁ tathā tatra viyanti santaḥ.

8. Kaśyapa uvāca vyṛddham rāṣṭram bhavati
kṣatriyasya brahma kṣatram yatra
virudhyate ha anvak balam dasyavaḥ tat
bhajante abalyam tathā tatra viyanti santaḥ

8. Kaśyapa uvāca yatra brahma kṣatram ha virudhyate,
(tatra) kṣatriyasya rāṣṭram vyṛddham bhavati (tatra) dasyavaḥ tat balam anvak bhajante,
tathā santaḥ abalyam tatra viyanti

8. Kaśyapa said: The kingdom (rāṣṭra) of a kṣatriya becomes ruined where the priestly class (brahman) and the warrior class (kṣatra) truly conflict. In such a situation, robbers (dasyavaḥ) resort to power, and similarly, good people (santaḥ) depart from weakness.

Words meanings summery:

• कश्यप (kaśyapa) - Kaśyapa

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• व्यृद्धम् (vyṛddham) - ruined, decayed, unsuccessful

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom, realm, nation

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of the kṣatriya, of the warrior

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the priestly class

• क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the warrior class, power, dominion

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• विरुध्यते (virudhyate) - conflicts, opposes, resists

• ह (ha) - indeed, truly, surely

• अन्वक् (anvak) - resorting to (following, pursuing)

• बलम् (balam) - power, strength, force

• दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - robbers, dacoits, enemies

• तत् (tat) - that (power) (that, it)

• भजन्ते (bhajante) - they resort to, they follow, they partake of

• अबल्यम् (abalyam) - weakness, feebleness, lack of strength

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• तत्र (tatra) - in that situation (there, in that place)

• वियन्ति (viyanti) - they depart, they abandon, they go away

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - good people, virtuous ones

Words meanings and morphology

कश्यप (kaśyapa) - Kaśyapa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Kaśyapa

Kaśyapa - name of a revered ancient sage

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

Perfect form of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

व्यृद्धम् (vyṛddham) - ruined, decayed, unsuccessful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyṛddha

vyṛddha - ruined, decayed, unsuccessful, without prosperity

Past Passive Participle

Derived from vi- + √ṛdh (to prosper)

Prefix: vi

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom, realm, nation

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, nation, country

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhavati

Present Active

Root bhū, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of the kṣatriya, of the warrior

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior class (kṣatra), ruler

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the priestly class, Brahmins, sacred knowledge, the ultimate reality (brahman)

Note: Also accusative singular

क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the warrior class, power, dominion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - warrior class, power, dominion, kingdom

Note: Also accusative singular

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

विरुध्यते (virudhyate) - conflicts, opposes, resists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of virudhyate

Present Middle

Derived from vi- + √rudh (to obstruct, hinder); passive sense possible in some contexts but here implies mutual opposition.

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

ह (ha) - indeed, truly, surely

(indeclinable)

अन्वक् (anvak) - resorting to (following, pursuing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anvañc

anvañc - following, pursuing, resorting to

Derived from anu- + √añc (to bend, go)

Prefix: anu

Root: añc (class 1)

बलम् (balam) - power, strength, force

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - power, strength, force, army

दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - robbers, dacoits, enemies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dasyu

dasyu - robber, dacoit, enemy, demon

तत् (tat) - that (power) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

भजन्ते (bhajante) - they resort to, they follow, they partake of

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of bhajate

Present Middle

Root bhaj, Ātmanepada

Root: bhaj (class 1)

अबल्यम् (abalyam) - weakness, feebleness, lack of strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abalya

abalya - weakness, feebleness, want of power

Derived from a- (not) + bala (strength)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+bala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - in that situation (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

वियन्ति (viyanti) - they depart, they abandon, they go away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of viyāti

Present Active

Derived from vi- + √i (to go)

Prefix: vi

Root: i (class 2)

सन्तः (santaḥ) - good people, virtuous ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sant

sant - good, virtuous, existent, being (present participle of √as)

Present Active Participle

Present participle of the root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)