महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-74, verse-3

उभौ प्रजा वर्धयतो देवान्पूर्वान्परान्पितॄन् ।
यौ समेयास्थितौ धर्मे श्रद्धेयौ सुतपस्विनौ ॥३॥

3. ubhau prajā vardhayato devānpūrvānparānpitṝn ,
yau sameyāsthitau dharme śraddheyau sutapasvinau.

3. ubhau prajā vardhayataḥ devān pūrvān parān pitṝn
yau sameyāsthitau dharme śraddheyau sutapasvinau

3. yau dharme sameyāsthitau sutapasvinau śraddheyau
ubhau prajā devān pūrvān parān pitṝn vardhayataḥ

3. Both uphold the people, the gods, and ancestors, both past and future. Those two who are firmly established in natural law (dharma) and are intensely devout are worthy of reverence.

Words meanings summery:

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• प्रजा (prajā) - progeny, offspring, people, subjects

• वर्धयतः (vardhayataḥ) - they cause to grow, they increase, they promote, they uphold

• देवान् (devān) - gods, divine beings

• पूर्वान् (pūrvān) - referring to past ancestors (former, previous, ancient, eastern)

• परान् (parān) - referring to later/future ancestors (other, later, subsequent, supreme)

• पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, forefathers, fathers

• यौ (yau) - those two who

• समेयास्थितौ (sameyāsthitau) - well-established, firmly fixed

• धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law (dharma) (in natural law, in constitution, in righteous conduct, in duty, in virtue)

• श्रद्धेयौ (śraddheyau) - worthy of faith, worthy of trust, respectable, venerable

• सुतपस्विनौ (sutapasvinau) - great ascetics, very devout, performing intense austerity

Words meanings and morphology

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both, either of two

प्रजा (prajā) - progeny, offspring, people, subjects

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Can be nominative singular or accusative plural. Here accusative plural due to verb 'vardhayataḥ'.

वर्धयतः (vardhayataḥ) - they cause to grow, they increase, they promote, they uphold

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vardh

causative

From root vṛdh (to grow) with causative suffix -aya.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'ubhau'.

देवान् (devān) - gods, divine beings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Object of 'vardhayataḥ'.

पूर्वान् (pūrvān) - referring to past ancestors (former, previous, ancient, eastern)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, previous, ancient, eastern

Note: Qualifies 'pitṝn'.

परान् (parān) - referring to later/future ancestors (other, later, subsequent, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, subsequent, supreme, distant

Note: Qualifies 'pitṝn'.

पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, forefathers, fathers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Object of 'vardhayataḥ'.

यौ (yau) - those two who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yad

yad - which, who, that

Note: Refers to 'ubhau'.

समेयास्थितौ (sameyāsthitau) - well-established, firmly fixed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sameyāsthita

sameyāsthita - well-established, firmly fixed

Past Passive Participle (modified)

Derived from sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam and ā. The 'eyā' element is unusual, possibly a variant of 'ā' or an archaic/metrical insertion, but the overall meaning remains 'firmly established'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sam+āsthita)

• sam – together, with, completely
  indeclinable
• āsthita – established, situated, standing
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'yau'.

धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law (dharma) (in natural law, in constitution, in righteous conduct, in duty, in virtue)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

श्रद्धेयौ (śraddheyau) - worthy of faith, worthy of trust, respectable, venerable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śraddheya

śraddheya - worthy of faith, trustworthy, credible, respectable

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From śraddhā (faith) + īya (suffix for gerundive)

Note: Qualifies 'yau'.

सुतपस्विनौ (sutapasvinau) - great ascetics, very devout, performing intense austerity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sutapasvin

sutapasvin - performing intense austerity, very devout, great ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+tapasvin)

• su – good, excellent, well, greatly
  indeclinable
• tapasvin – ascetic, devout, practicing austerity
  adjective (masculine)
  From tapas (austerity).

Note: Qualifies 'yau'.