महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-27, verse-9

समेतं पार्थिवं क्षत्रं वाराणस्यां नदीसुतः ।
कन्यार्थमाह्वयद्वीरो रथेनैकेन संयुगे ॥९॥

9. sametaṁ pārthivaṁ kṣatraṁ vārāṇasyāṁ nadīsutaḥ ,
kanyārthamāhvayadvīro rathenaikena saṁyuge.

9. sāmetam pārthivam kṣatram vārāṇasyām nadīsutaḥ
kanyārtham āhvayat vīraḥ rathena ekena saṃyuge

9. nadīsutaḥ vīraḥ vārāṇasyām kanyārtham sāmetam
pārthivam kṣatram ekena rathena saṃyuge āhvayat

9. The hero, Bhishma (the son of the river), challenged the assembled earthly warriors in Varanasi to battle for the sake of a maiden, fighting with a single chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• सामेतम् (sāmetam) - gathered (assembled, met, gathered, united)

• पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - princely, royal (referring to kings) (earthly, royal, princely, relating to the earth, relating to a king)

• क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the warrior class, royal power (metonymically for warriors/kings) (warrior class, rule, dominion, power, strength, a warrior)

• वाराणस्याम् (vārāṇasyām) - in Varanasi (in Varanasi (a city))

• नदीसुतः (nadīsutaḥ) - Bhishma (son of Ganga) (son of the river)

• कन्यार्थम् (kanyārtham) - for the sake of a maiden (specifically Ambā, Ambikā, Ambālikā) (for the sake of a maiden, for a daughter)

• आह्वयत् (āhvayat) - challenged (challenged, invited, called, summoned)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero (Bhishma) (hero, brave man)

• रथेन (rathena) - with a chariot (by means of a chariot, with a chariot)

• एकेन (ekena) - with a single (by one, with one, by a single)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat, in encounter)

Words meanings and morphology

सामेतम् (sāmetam) - gathered (assembled, met, gathered, united)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sameta

sameta - met, assembled, joined, united, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From `sam` + `i` (to go) + `kta` suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `kṣatram`.

पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - princely, royal (referring to kings) (earthly, royal, princely, relating to the earth, relating to a king)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, relating to the earth, relating to a king, a king, a prince

From `pṛthivī` (earth) + `aṇ` suffix.

Note: Qualifies `kṣatram`.

क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the warrior class, royal power (metonymically for warriors/kings) (warrior class, rule, dominion, power, strength, a warrior)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - dominion, rule, power, the warrior class, a warrior

Note: Object of `āhvayat`.

वाराणस्याम् (vārāṇasyām) - in Varanasi (in Varanasi (a city))

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of vārāṇasī

vārāṇasī - Varanasi (a city in India)

Note: Indicates location.

नदीसुतः (nadīsutaḥ) - Bhishma (son of Ganga) (son of the river)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nadīsuta

nadīsuta - son of a river, Bhishma

Compound formed from `nadī` (river) and `suta` (son).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nadī+suta)

• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
• suta – son, born
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कन्यार्थम् (kanyārtham) - for the sake of a maiden (specifically Ambā, Ambikā, Ambālikā) (for the sake of a maiden, for a daughter)

(indeclinable)

Compound formed from `kanyā` (maiden) and `artham` (for the sake of).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kanyā+artha)

• kanyā – maiden, girl, daughter
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of
  noun (masculine)

आह्वयत् (āhvayat) - challenged (challenged, invited, called, summoned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of āhve

Imperfect third person singular

`ā` + `hve` (from `hvā` - to call).

Prefix: ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero (Bhishma) (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, man, champion

Note: Appositive to `nadīsutaḥ`.

रथेन (rathena) - with a chariot (by means of a chariot, with a chariot)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From `ramh` (to go swiftly).

Root: ramh (class 1)

Note: Instrument of action.

एकेन (ekena) - with a single (by one, with one, by a single)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies `rathena`.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat, in encounter)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, encounter, union

From `sam` + `yuj` (to join) + `ghaञ` suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Indicates sphere of action.